V. 0. ROTAOEjE. 
261 
Habitat : — Dry hills in various parts of India, N.W. Hima- 
laya ; in Simla and Kumaon ascending 4,000 ft. Mongbyr hills 
in Behar ; Assam; Western Peninsula, from the Bombay 
Ghats and Coromandel, southward. Yunan, J. Anderson. 
A spinous, glabrous shrub or small tree, with rigid flexuous, 
woody branches, spines J-'lin. Leaves pinnate, l-4in. long ; 
leaflets petiole and rachis jointed, the former narrowly, the 
latter broadly winged. Leaflets 2-4 pair, sessile, opposite, obtuse, 
crenulate, l-2in., trapezoid-ovate, obtuse and notched at the tip, 
base cnneate, margins crenulate, nerves slender, reticulate. 
Racemes subumbellate, lin. long, pubescent, often leafy ; pedi- 
cels slender. Flowers tetramerous, ^in. diam., white, fragrant. 
Sepals small. Petals elliptic or oblong. Disk annular or 
columnar. Ovary 4-celled, cells 1-ovuled. Ovule pendulous in 
each cell. Berry globose, ^iu. diam., 1-4-seeded, very acid. 
Parts used : — The leaves, root and fruit. 
Uses : — The leaves are supposed to be a remedy for epilepsy ; 
the root is purgative, sudorific, and employed for the cure of 
colic and cardialgia. The dried fruit is tonic, diminishes in- 
testinal fermentation, has the power of resisting the contagion 
of small-pox, malignant and pestilent fevers, and is also con- 
sidered an excellent antidote to various poisons, on which ac- 
count it is much sought for, and forms an article of commerce 
with Arab and other merchants.” (Rheede). 
Lisboa states that the berry is much used as a tonic in Mala- 
bar, and that its red-coloured mucilage is considered to be an 
antidote against snake-bite and the poisons of other venomous 
animals. 
233 . Luvamja scandens, Ham H. F. B. I., I. 509 . 
Sansk. : — Lavanga-latA 
Habitat : — Eastern Bengal, Assam, the Khasia Mountains. 
A strong, climbing, annual, glabrous shrub, with woody flex- 
uous branches and strong axillary recurved spines. Leaves 
very variable, 3-foliate, thickly coriaceous ; petioles 2-5in., stout 
