272 
INDIAN M DDK 'I N A 1* I'l.AN'iS. 
of insects, is used as a remedy for coughs. Ph. J. 27th Decem- 
ber, 1884. 
240. Feronia elephantum, Correa, h.f.b.i., 
i. 51fi, Roxb. 
Sans. Kapitha, kapi-priya. 
Vern. : — Kaith-bilin, kat-bel, kavitha (H.); Kath-bel (13.); 
Kainta, kouch-bel (Santal.); Koeta (Uriya) ; Ivatori, kavatha 
(Siud.); Kawat, kavith (Mar.) ; Kotha, kavit (Guz.) ; Vilam, 
vallanga, vela, kavit, kaist (Tam.); Velaga, elaka, yellanga, 
kapitr (Tel.); Bilwar, byala da nannu, belada, bel (Kan.); 
Vilam (Mai.) ; Divval (Sinhalese); Vila, villate, Meladik-kuruntu 
(Tamil) Ceylon. 
Habitat : — Throughout India in dry situations Java and 
Ceylon, very common in the dry region. 
A large glabrous, deciduous tree, armed with strong 
straight axillary thorns. Bark dark or nearly black. Wood 
yellowish or greenish-Avhite, hard ; pores small or moderate-sized, 
ringed, subdivided or in small patches, often filled with resin. 
Medullary rays short, white, prominent, moderately broad. 
Annual rings marked by a white line, and the fewer pores of 
the autumn wood (Gamble). The tree yields a gum similar to 
gum arabic. Leaves alternate, imparipinnate ; leaflets opposite 
1-4 pair, cuneate or obovate, crenate at tip ; common petiole 
often narrow winged. Flowers dull red, generally unisexual, 
in lax panicles, male and bisexual flowers frequently on the 
same inflorescence. Stamens 10-12, filaments short, subulate, 
from a broad villous base. Fruit globose, gray, covered with 
brownish fluff, in small chaff-like pieces, rough, 2-3in. diain. 
(often more especially in the Ceylon fruit upto 4 in. K. R. K.), 
rind hard, woody. Seeds numerous, oblong, embedded in fleshy 
edible acid, aromatic pulp. Flowers (from February to April), 
pale green, stained'with red purple. Anthers dark red. 
Parts used : — The fruit, gum, leaves, bark and pulp. 
Uses: — The fruit is aromatic and used as a stomachic and 
stimulant in diseases of children. The gum, resembling gum- 
arabic, acts as a demidcent in bowel affections. “ The unripe 
