K. 0. RUTAOEJE. 
273 
fruit is described as astringent, and is used in combination with 
beta and other medicines in diarrhoea and dysentery. The 
ripe fruit is said to be useful in hiccup and affections of the 
throat. The leaves are aromatic and carminative” (U. C. 
Dutt). 
In Mahomedan medical works the leaves are described as 
astringent, the fruit as “cold and dry, refreshing, astringent,' 
cordial, and tonic, a useful remedy in salivation and sore throat, 
strengthening the gums and acting as an astringent. Sherbet 
made from the fruit increases the appetite, and has alexipharmic 
properties. The pulp, applied externally, is a remedy for the 
bites of venomous insects ; if not obtainable, the powdered rind 
may be used” (Dymock. ) 
Is sometimes used to adulterate Bael fruit. 
“ The leaves are aromatic and carminative, and have the 
odour of anise ; prescribed by native practitioners in the indi- 
gestions and slight bowel affections of children” tAiuslie.) 
“ The bark is said to be sometimes prescribed for bilious- 
ness” (Watt). 
241 . Mcjle Marmelos, Correa, h.f.b.i., i. 516 
Roxb. 428 . 
Sans. : — Bilva. 
Vern Bel, sriphal (H.) ; Bel (B.) ; Bil, bel (Mar. & Guz.) ; 
Bila, katori (Sind.); Lohagasi (Kol.) ; Awretpang (Magh.); Vilva- 
pazham, Vilvam Tamil ; (Sinhalese) ; Beli (Tam.) ; Maredu, 
maluramu, bilva-pandu, patir (Tel.) ; Maika, mahaka (Gond.) ; 
Kuvalap-pazham (Mai.); Bilapatri (Kan.) 
Habitat : — Sub-Himalayan forests, from the Jhelum east- 
ward, Central and South India. Ceylon (cultivated.) 
A large or middle-sized tree, deciduous, glabrous, armed 
with axillary, straight, sharp, spines lin. long. Branches spiny. 
“ Bark, Jin. thick, outer substance soft, grey, exfoliating in 
irregular flakes. Wood yellowish white, or greyish-white, hard, 
with a strong aromatic scent when fresh cut ; no heartwood. 
35 
