N. O. SIMARUBE/E. 
287 
Habitat: — Sub-tropical Himalaya, from Jammu to Nepal. 
Garwhal and Bhutan. 
A tall, scrambling tree, with stout, often spotted, branches. 
Bark very bitter ; light brown, rather smooth, shining, thin. 
Wood bright yellow, moderately hard ; sapwood white. Annual 
rings well-marked by a line of pores in the autumn wood. Pores 
moderately sized, unevenly scattered, except on the line of the 
annular rings. Medullary rays fine to moderately broad, short, 
distant, forming on a radial section a pretty silver-grain (Gamble;. 
Leaves pubescent, a foot or more long, of 9-15 leaflets, the lowest 
pair much smaller and stipuliform ; leaflets 6-4 pair, obovate, 
acuminate, serrate, opposite, nearly sessile. Flower polygamous, 
in pubescent panicles ; small greenish, generally pentamerous. 
Calyx-segments small, imbricate. Petals ovate or obovate, 
persistent in female and hermaphrodite flowers. Much enlarged 
and coriaceous in fruit ; filaments strap-shaped, equalling the 
petals, villous, about the size of a pea, ^in diam., black, each 
containing one erect seed. 
Parts used The bark, root and leaves. 
Use : — Dr. Royle draws attention to the bark, wood and root 
of this plant as quite as bitter as the quassia of the West Indies, 
for which it would doubtless prove an excellent substitute. 
The Pharmacopoeia Indica regards this bark as worthy of 
further attention. 
The leaves, according to Stewart, are applied to itch. 
248a. — P. javanica, Bl. h. f. b. i., i. 520. 
This large, tree is common in the Ataran Forest Division, Tenasserim, 
where it is called by the Karens “ Napaw-ow.” The bark is exceedingly 
bitter and is used by the Karens as a febrifuge instead of quinine. The bark 
contains a bitter principle allied to quassin, and has an advantage in contain- 
ing no tannin. There is no alkaloidal principle such as quinine in the bark. 
249 . — Brucea Sumatrana Roxb., h. f. b. i. 
i. 521. Roxb. 151. 
Vern. : — Ampadoo-Barrowing (Mai). 
Habitat : — Assam ; Eastern Peninsula ; Tenasserim ; and the 
Andaman Islands. 
