N. 0. RHAMNE/E. 
.34] 
Trimen says it is nearly allied to /?. framjula, the Alder 
buck-thorn of England. 
Use.:— In the Western Peninsula the bark is in much 
repute on account of its tonic, astringent and deobstruent pro- 
perties (Dymook.) 
293. R. purpureas , Edgew, h.f.b.i., i. 039. 
Fern. : — Bal sinjal, ka.ru , memarira, Kinji (Pb.). 
Habitat : — West Himalaya, from Murree to Kumaon, In- 
dus to Sard river 4500 p. 10,000. 
An unarmed, middle-sized tree, young shoots pubescent., 
the previous year’s branchlets purple. Leaves alternate, ovate- 
lanceolate, acuminate. Secondary nerves 6-10 pair, prominent, 
blade 3-4 in. Petiole £ in. Flowers mostly bi-sexual, 5-merous, 
in axillary clusters or Cymes. Petals O ; style short, 3-cleft 
nearly to the base. Drupe £ to £ in. long, sub-globose, bitter. 
Use : — In Haz.Wa the fruit is used as a purgative (Ste- 
wart). 
294. R. triqueter, Wall, h. f. b. i., i. 639. 
Vern. : — Rangrek (Pb.) Lhish Jaunsar. 
Habitat : — Punjab, in the Salt Range ; Western Himalaya, 
from the Jhelum, alt. 3-4,000 ft., to Kumaon. Lanowla, Puran- 
dhar Hill, in the Poona District. 
A small tree. Branchlets and leaves, with dense short 
tomentum. Leaves ovate or elliptic-oblong. Secondary nerves 
6-10 pair, prominent. Blade 2-5 in., petiole £-£ in. long. 
Flowers clustered on axillary racemes attaining 3 in., puber- 
ulous, fascicled on the leafless (very rarely leafy) branches. 
Fruit £ in., obovoid, 3-lobed. Seeds, with a broad open 
groove. 
Use: — Talbot writes that “it is very like R. Wightii, and 
may have been formerly cultivated in the Deccan for its medi- 
cinal qualities” (Forest Flora, p.30). 
295. Gouania leptostachya, D.C., h.f.b.i., i. 643. 
Vern. : — Batwasi, tung-cheougmourik (Sikkim.) 
