620 
INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 
palinately divided into spinnulose segments. Bracts 5-6, 1 i n. , 
iinear, with a few spines on the margins, sometimes short 
exterior spines alternating with them ; bracteoles linear, spinu- 
lose, simple, exceeding the flovers ;-a few (in the outermost 
row but one) sometimes spinous, subtrifid. Calyx tu^e densely 
scaly ; teeth lanceolate-subulate, spinescent. Fruit ^in. 
Use-. — The root is considered nervine tonic, and aphrodisiac. 
In Kandahar, the seeds are said to be officinal. 
The alkaline salt of the ashes recommended in haemorrhoids 
(Hounigberger). 
568. Bupleurum falcatum, Linn, h.f.b.i., ii. 676. 
Vern : — Kali Zewar ; Sipil (Pb. ). 
Habitat '-. — Himalaya, from Kashmir to Bhotan and Khasia 
Mountains. 
Glabrous herbs. Stem l-4ft. erect, corymbose upwards. 
Radical leaves, linear broader upwards, middle cauline linear, 
acute, narrowed at the base, more or less amplexicaul. Bracts 
usually 0 in the Indian forms, sometimes a few scarcely £in.; 
bracteoles 4-5, distinctly shorter than the fruiting umbellule, 
narrowly lanceolate ; rays 5-8, ljin. ; pedicels 5-15, usually 
distinct. Disk yellow or brownish, not prominent. Carpels 
narrowly oblong, ridges not prominent ; furrows 3-vittate. 
Use: — They are reputed to have stimulant properties 
(Watt). 
569. Apium graveolems, Linn ; h.f.b.i., ii. 679. 
Vern. : — Aj mud, bori-aj mud karafs(H.); Chanfi, randhuni 
(B.); Bori-ajamoda, or ajmud (Bomb.) ; Ajwankapute, budiaji 
waie (Cutch); Bhut-jhata (Pb.). 
English name : — Celery. 
Habitat : — Base of the north-west Himalaya, and outlying 
hills in the Punjab. 
Annual herbs, glabrous. Biennial, says C. B. Clarke. This 
is the wild celery. (The garden celery of the European dinner- 
table is a special cultivation). Stem l-8f t. , erect, branched. 
Radial leaves pinnate, with large deeply-lobed segments, cauline 
