N. 0. CAPRlFOI.IACEjfi. 
639 
N. 0. CAPRIFOLIACEi®. 
589 . Sambucus ebulus, Linn., h.f.b.i., hi 2 . 
Fern. : — Richh kas ; Musbkiara ; ganhula gandal ; gwandish ; 
Siske tasar (Pb). 
Habitat : — Kashmir and Western Himalaya. 
A gregarious, herbaceous plant. Stems mostly simple, 3-6ft. 
high. Leaves unequally pinnate, 9in. Leaflets 5-9, oblong- 
lanceolate, free, 3-6in., puberulous, or nearly glabrous. 
Stipules often foliaceous, serrate. Corymbs peduncled or leafy 
at the base, compact and many-rayed. Bracteoles minute, 
linear. Corolla -gin. diam., broadly companulate, white, pink, 
or dark purple. Drupe |-in. diam., globose, black. C. B. 
Clarke observes that the flowers, European as well as Indian, 
have a strong piculiar odour, and that the uppermost flowers 
are barren. 
Use : — The roots have purgative properties, and are used in 
dropsy, as also the berries (Honigberger). 
In England, the berries, and also decoction made of the 
root and bark of this plant, are very old village medicines, and 
are in occasional use in country places. They are violently 
emetic. 
An infusion of the fresh or dried flowers is used for cold. 
A preparation made from leaves and flowers is an old 
country medicine for rheumatism. 
An oil, obtained by distilling the leaves with steam, is of a dark-brown 
oolour, and has an unpleasant odour,: Sp. Gr. 0’8998 at 15° C. ; acid value, 
250-90; ester value, 46 0. The saponified oil lias a pleasant odour, resembling 
that of apricots and peaches, and contains an alcohol which has not been 
identified. Palmitic acid was detected in the oil. (H. Haencel in Chem. 
Zentr. 1910, abstracted in J. Ch. I. for May 31, 1910, p. 649), 
590 . Viburnum fceticlum, Wall, h.f.b.i., hi. 4 . 
Vern . : — Nara Vela (M.) 
Habitat : — Khasia Mountains and Assam. 
An erect shrub, 6-10 ft. ; branchlets, petioles and inflores- 
cence, stellate hairy. Leaves coriaceous, rhomboid, lanceolate 
