N. O. BURIAOE.E. 
651 
melting, the chief product being a substance crystallising in colourless 
needles. Moist randiasapogenin dissolves in strong sulphuric acid to a yellow 
solution, which shows a characteristic green fluorescence. 
Randic acid, C 30 H 52 O 10 , appears to be a monobasic acid of the series 
C' n Hj„_ a O 10 , characterised by Robert as the saponin series, and exists, appa- 
rently, in loose combination with randiasaponin. It crystallises from alcohol 
in white, nodular masses, and melts at 208—210°. It is sparingly soluble in 
water and ether, freely in alcohol, acetic acid, and concentrated sulphuric 
acid ; solutions of the alkali salts froth very readily. The potassium salt is 
insoluble in alcohol. The calcium, barium, ferrous, ferric, copper, lead, mer- 
curous, and mercuric salts are mentioned. Randic acid resembles quillayic 
acid in dissolving red blood corpuscles without destroying the colouring 
matter, and in precipitating albumins and peptoues. To these properties, 
and the similar property of randiasaponin, the poisonous character of the 
fruit is probably due. 
Randiatannic acid exists in small quantity in the pericarp, and is a brown, 
very hygroscopic mass, which is freely soluble in ether, as well as in water 
and alcohol. It gives a green coloration with ferric chloride, and a yellow 
precipitate with basic lead acetate, and reduces alkaline copper solution. 
One of the products of the decomposition of randiatannic acid appears to 
be randia-red, C 33 H 34 O I0 , a substance to which the broWn colour of the peri- 
carp of the fruit is due ; this is precipitated by acids from the alkaline 
extract as a brown powder, which is insoluble in water, alcohol, and ether, 
but easily soluble in alkalis. The solutions give reddish precipitates with 
lead acetate and alum. A brownish-red colouring matter, probably the ammo- 
nium-derivative, is precipitated by ammonia from the acid mother liquor; 
it forms a harsh mass resembling asphalt, and is soluble in hot water ; it is 
decomposed by caustic soda with evolution of ammonia. 
Randia fat is a yellowish-green substance of the consistence of butter ; 
it melts at 28—29°, and its sp. gr. is 0'9175 at 20° The acid number is 13 8 ; 
the ester number, 146 4; the saponification number, 160’2; and the iodine 
number, after two hours, 43 24. (J. Oh. S. 1895 pp. 189-190). * 
602. Gardenia lucida. Roxb. h.f.b.i., iii. 115 ; 
Roxb. 237. 
Vern . : — Dikamali (H. and Guz.) ; Konda-manga, tetta- 
inanga kuru (C. P.) ; Karinga (Tel). ; Kumbi (Tam.). 
Habitat : — Western Peninsula, common from the Conc^n 
southwards to Chittagong. 
A small deciduous tree. Shoots resinous. Bark jin. 
thick, greenish grey, exfoliating in irregular flakes. Wood 
yellowish white, close-grained, hard ; no heartwood, no annual 
rings (Gamble). Leaves 3-10 by 2-5in., elliptic-oblong, narrow- 
ed into the short margiuate petiole. Secondary nerves 20-25 
