708 
INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 
Perennial herbs, glabrous, robust. Stem stout, 3-5 ft. Leaves 
lft., broad and under, tip acute or rounded, broadly ovate- 
cordate or subbastate ; obtuse-toothed, sinus open, petiole of 
lower stout wiDged, of cauline sheathing ; 5-10in., wing narrow 
or broad, gashed or toothed. Racemes 4-8in., elongating in 
fruit. Heads Dot secund, numerous, peduncled, on a conical 
raceme, broadly campanulate ; l|-2in. across the ligules. In- 
volucre-bracts ^-in., glabrous, 8-12, oblong acute, bases sub- 
connate. Ligules many, long and broad ; 12-15, £-fin. long, 
5-9-nerved, tip entire or toothed ; tube of disk-corolla shorter 
than the limb. Achenes |in. long, deeply grooved, linear, 
oblong. Pappus very short, coroniform, T \ in., unequal, united 
at the base. 
Use-. — Its roots are officinal in Cashmere ; they somewhat 
resemble Valerian in appearance and odor, and must prove a 
good medicine when their properties are once determined 
(Honnigberger). Said to be used to adulterate Kfit (Sanssurea 
Lappa). 
675. S. quinquelobus, Hook f : &, T. H.F.B.I., 
iii. 353. 
Fern. : — Morta (Pb.) 
Habitat : — Temperate Himalaya, from Garhwal to Bhutan. 
A herbaceous, glabrous, or sparsely pubescent plant Root 
perennial. Stem slender, simple, long, erect, flexous, grooved 
2-3ft., naked below. Leaves 2-4in., sometimes as broad as 
long or even broader, rather glaucous beneath, petioled, 
membranous, cordate, or subreniform, bud 3-7-angled or pal- 
metly-lobed, upper not cordate ; angles or lobes coarsely sinnate, 
toothed ; teeth acute and apiculate. Petiole slender, not 
auricled. Heads narrow 5-6-fid. Racemes a foot long or less, 
very slender, sometimes quite simple, with secund bracteate 
peduncles bearing solitary terminal heads and bulb-like leaf- 
buds in the axils ; or the peduncle becomes an enlongated 
branch bearing many bulbils. Involucre-bracts obtuse or acute, 
green, 5-6, linear, membranous. Ligules absent. Corolla large, 
tube shorter than the campanulate limb ; anthers exserted, with 
