770 
INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 
brown or olive-brown to nearly black, clouded. Leaves 2-4in. 
loDg, oblong, lanceolate, cuspidate, entire, very coriaceous, 
dark-green and shining above, thickly coated with a dense film 
of minute red scales ; margins slightly recurved, midrib prom- 
inent, petiole about |in. Flowers bisexual, whitish, in axillary 
trichotomous cymes, l-2in. long. Calyx nearly truncate or 
with 4 short teeth. Corolla deeply divided. Lobes ^in. elliptic, 
obtuse or acute, with a ridge along the middle, induplicate- 
valvate in bud. Anthers oval, dehiscing alternately. Style short, 
stigma bifid. Drupe |-|in. long, ovoid, black when ripe, 
supported by the remains of the Calyx. Endocarp bony ; pulp 
scanty, oily. 
Uses: — An oil is extracted from the fruit which is used 
medicinally as a rubefacient. Leaves and bark are bitter and 
a stringe nt, used as an antiperiodic in fever and debility, 
(Brandis). 
The Commissioner of Kohat has sent to the Indian Museum samples of the 
oil and fruit which is said to ripen in October and November. The fruits 
contained very little pulp and the oil appeared to be yielded by the seeds, the 
kernels of which contained 318 per cent. This may explain the small yield 
of oil recorded in pressing experiments made since 1851. It has been sugges- 
ted that by grafting the European species and by improved method of extrac- 
tion the yield might be improved. The oil of this wild olive has a greenish- 
yellow colour, and its characters resemble those of European olive oil. Cros- 
sley and Le Sueur in 1897 obtained the following constants : Specific gravity, 
0 920 ; acid value, 5 0 ; saponification value, 190 9 ; iodine value, 93'6 ; Reichert- 
Meissl value, "8 ; insoluble fatty acids, 95’14 per cent. Like olive oil it was 
non-siccative, but the iodine value of this sample was abnormally high. A 
recent sample of this oil from Kohat had a more normal iodine value of 88 - l. 
(Hooper). 
743. 0. glandulifera, Wall, h.f.b.i., hi. 612. 
Vern. : — Gulili, raban, sira, phalsh (Pb.) ; Gair, galdu, garur 
(Kumaon). 
Habitat: — Fairly common along the outer Himalaya tracts, 
N.-W. Himalaya, from Kashmir to Nepal. Mountains of South 
India. 
A moderate-sized tree, 20-60ft., glabrous or nearly so. Bark 
■jin. thick, grey, uneven, exfoliating in brittle scales. Branches 
lenticillate. Leaves rhomboid-lanceolate 4-2in., entire, ovate- 
lanceolate, long acuminate entire, margins slightly undulate ; 
