N. 0. GGNTIANAOE.®. 
845 
Habitat Throughout India, from Oudh and Bengal to 
/ 
Ceylon. 
A small, slender herb. Stem slender, erect, much-branched, 
quadrangular, 3-l2in. Leaves If Jin., subsessile, elliptic or 
lanceolate, 3 nerved. Flowers, small, 4-merous. Cymes terminal, 
inany-fid, Peduncles J-Jin., suberect, rigid. Calyx-lobes fjin., 
ovate, acuminate ; wiug distinct, lanceolate. Corolla-lobes blue, 
i-iin.. elliptic. Anthers Jin., scarcely attenuate upwards, dehis- 
cing finally lialf-way to the base. Capsule |in. Sub-globose. 
Ones The plant is less bitter than chiretta and more than 
gentian, for which it may be substituted. Dr. Bidie directs the 
plant to be gathered when the flowers begin to fade ana to be 
carefully dried in the shade. For administration, it may be 
given in infusion and tincture of the same strength as those of 
chiretta (Ph. Ind.). 
794 — Enicostema littorafe, Blume, h.f.b.i., iv. 
101 ; Roxb. 264 . 
Habitat : — Throughout India, from the Punjab and Gange- 
tic plain to Ceylon ; more frequent near the sea, not known in 
Bengal. 
Vern :— Cliota kirayata (H.;; Mamijwa (Bomb.); Manueha 
(Sind); Kadavinayi (Mar.); VellurugutTam.) ; Nela-guli ; Nela- 
gulamidi (Tel.) ; Naichapiala (Bomb.). 
A perennial herb. Stems several, from a woody base, erect 
oi procumbent, 6-18in., sub-quadrangular or terete, glabrous, 
internodes short. Leaves opposite l-lfin., oblong-oval to oblong- 
linear, sessile, tapering to base, obtuse, rather thick, 3-nerved, 
the lateral nerves marginal and faint, pale glaucous green, 
blowers numerous, crowded, white. Calyx glabrous, segments 
lanceolate, sub-acute. Corolla much longer than the Calyx ; 
tube wide, Jin., lobes much shorter than the tube, ^in., oval 
acute, elliptic, says C. B. Clarke. Stamens, included. Capsule 
about Jin., says Trimen ; J-Jin., says Clarke. Seeds small. The 
root creeping, filiform. The whole plant is very bitter. 
Uses ; — It possesses marked bitterness, and, according to Dr. 
Cleghorn, it is much used by the natives of Madras as a 
