1026 
INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 
chutney prepared from the fresh herb is in use all over Bengal. 
(Dr. Kanai Lai De). 
987. Lycopus europceus, Linn, h.f.b.i. iv. 648. 
Vern. : — Gandamgundii ; Jalnim (Kashmir). 
Eng. : — Gipsy wort. 
Habitat : — Western Himalaya and Kashmir. 
Perennial marsh herbs, glabrous or puberulous. Rootstock 
creeping or stolouiform. Stem l-3ft. Leaves subsessile, elliptic- 
oblong, sometimes pinnatifid, sinnate-toothed or serrate. Corol- 
la bluish white, dotted with purple, hairy within. Staminodes 
minute. Nutlets longer than the Calyx-tube. 
Use -Used in the Punjab as a cooling drug (Stewart). The 
leaves are used externally as a poultice to cleanse foul wounds. 
988. Origanum marjorana, Linn., h.f.b.i. iv. 
648. 
Vern. : — Murwo (Sind) ; Murwa (H.) ; Maroo (Tam.) ; Ban- 
tulsi (Kumaon). 
Eng. : — Sweet Marjoram. 
Habitat : — Extensively cultivated in India. 
An aromatic herb, l-2ft. Leaves purplish and white, petioled, 
ovate-oblong, glaucous. 
Uses The seeds are officinal, and are considered astringent 
and a remedy for colic. The leaves are eaten along with Gynau- 
dropsis pentaphylla, D. C., as a remedy for colic. An essen- 
tial oil is also distilled from them, used as a perfurme and for 
hot fomentations in acute diarrhoea. Aromatic, carminative, 
and stimulant (Watt). 
Ohemical composition . — The volatile oil (Oleum marjorana:) is thin, yellowish, 
of the specific gravity 0'89, boils above 163° C., is readily soluble in alcohol, 
has the aromatic odour of the herb, and, according to Beilstein and E. 
Wiegand (1882), contains a terpene, boiling at 178° C. and forming a liquid 
compound with HOI ; the fraction boiling between 200° and 220° C. has the 
composition C“H* 2 0, and is not affected by metallic sodium ( S title and Maiscli.' 
989. 0. vulgare, Linn., h.f.b.i. iv. 648. 
Vern. : — Mirzanjosh (Pb. and Hind.) ; Mizangosh (Pers.); 
Sathra (H.); Mridu-maru-vamu (Tel.) 
