N. 0. EUPIIORRIACEyE. 
1131 
in a piece of tlie stem, closing the hole and exposing the stem 
to the action of fire until it is charred. The milky juice of E. 
neriifolia is usually administered internally by soaking other 
purgatives and aromatics in it, so that by absorption of the juice 
their purgative properties become increased A similar method 
is adopted when the juice is applied externally, a tent or issue 
pea being prepared with some finely powdered drug and 
steeped in it. Ainslie tells us that the native practitioners pre- 
scribe the juice as a purge and deobstruent, in those visceral 
obstructions and dropsical affections which are consequent of 
long-continued intermittent fever, the quantity given for a dose 
being about i of a pagoda weight (20 grs.). Externally, mixed 
with margosa oil, it is applied to limbs which have become con- 
tracted from rheumatism. {Mat. Ind., Vol. II., p. 97.) In Bom- 
bay the root is mixed with country liquor to make it more in- 
toxicating, and the juice is used to kill maggots in wounds, and 
is dropped into the ear to cure earache, a practice common to 
many parts of India. In the Concan the stem is roasted in ashes, 
and the expressed juice, with honey and borax, given in small 
doses to promote the expectoration of phlegm ; sometimes the 
juice of Adulsa is added. For asthma, Mudar flowers, Aghada 
root, and Qoliaran root are steeped in the juice, powdered and 
given with honey and chebulic myrobalans. Dose about 4 grains. 
The author of the Makhzan-ul-Adwiya, under the name of Zakum 
(Euphorbia), describes four Indian species, which are probably 
E. antiquorum, E. neriifolia , E. Nitmlia and E Tirucalli. The 
milky juice of the first, he says, is mixed with the flour of Cicer 
arietinum, roasted, and administered in pills as a remedy for 
gonorrhoea. It has a strong purgative action. (Dymock.) 
1120. E. royleana, Boiss., h.f.b.i., v. 257. 
Vern : — Shakar pitan, thar (Pb.) ; Sali, chula, shun, chu, duio 
(Himalayan names) ; Sihund (Kumaon) ; Afarbioon (Sind). 
Habitat ■ — Outer Himalaya, in dry hilly tracts from Kumaon 
to the Jhelum. Salt Range. 
A small tree with fleshy branches. Wood soft, white, spongy. 
Attains, 15-lGft., and has a girth up to Gft. Branches with 5, 
sometimes 7, broad, flat faces, separated by shanp undulating 
