1172 
INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS. 
N 4 0 4 , which is termed ricininic acid ; the same acid may also be obtained by 
the hydrolysis of ricinin with caustic soda. It is a dibasic acid, which melts 
at 205,° yields a silurr salt, a barium salt crystallising with 4 H, O, and a 
bi'omo-derivative, C 15 H n Br 2 N 4 0 4 , melting at 180°. (J. Ch. S. 1890, A. I, 880.) 
1159. Baliospermum axillare., Blume. H.F.B.I., v. 
461. 
Syn. : — B. montanum MueU.-Arg., B. polyandrum, Wight ; 
Croton polyandros, Roxb. 687. 
Sans. : — Danti. 
Vern.: — Danti, bakum or bakun (FI. and B.) ; Konda-amu- 
dam naypawlum, adavi-&mudam (Tel.); Poguntig (Lepcha) ; 
Jangli jamalgota (U. P.) ; Danti (Mar.) ; Jamalgota, dantimul 
(Bomb., Guj. and Cutch). 
“ The vernacular names of B. Montanum, Croton tiglium, 
Jatropha glandu'ifera and J. curcas are confounded with each 
other in most districts of India, particularly in the Madras 
Presidency.” (Moodeen Sheriff.) Roots sold as Danti-mul in the 
Bazars. 
Habitat : — Tropical and subtropical Himalayas, from Kash- 
mir to Bhotan ; from Assam and Khasia mountains to Chitta- 
gong. Deccan Peninsula from Behai and the Concan to 
Travancore. 
A stout leafy undershrub 3-6ft. high with herbaceous bran- 
ches from the root, glabrous except the young shoots and some- 
times the leaves beneath. Leaves firmly coriaceous, very 
variable in size and shape ; the upper 2-3in. long, lanceolate, 
penninerved ; the lower 6-12in. long, often palmately 3-5 lobed 
and with sinuate-toothed margins ; base rounded or cuneate ; 
petioles 2-6in. long ; stipules of 2 glands. Flowers usually 
monoecious, arranged in many axillary racemes or contracted 
panicles, all male or with a few females at the base. Male 
flowers :—Calyx globose, roin., 4-5-partite, often slightly hairy ; 
segments finely mottled. Disk of 6 glands. Stamens about 
20. Fem. flowers : — Sepals not enlarging in fruit. Disk thin, 
xVn. in diam. Ovary hairy ; styles about xein. long, thick, 2- 
partite, dull-red. Capsules y-|in. long, obovoid, usually hairy. 
Seed3 yin. long, smooth, mottled. (Duthie.) 
