N. O. URTIOAOE.®. 
1191 
length of blade 4-6in. of which the acuminate apex forms only 
about one ; petioles 2'5 'to 3'5in. Stipules ovate-lanceolate, 
from | to lin. long ; receptacles sessile, in pair in axils of 
leaves or of leaf scars, globular, smooth when young, whitish 
with dark spots, when ripe nearly black ; 5in. across ; basal 
bracts 3, rotund, small. Male flowers few, and only near mouth 
of the receptacle, the perianth of 3 spathulate pieces, anther 
single, on a filament about as long as itself ; gall and female 
flowers with perianth of 3 lanceolate pieces ; the gall ovary, 
smooth and usually ovoid ; achene minutely tubercled, mucil- 
aginous ; style in both elongate, stigma clavate. (King.) 
Uses : — The Santals use the fruit as a drug. The juice is 
used in the Concan to kill worms and is given internally with 
turmeric, pepper and ghi, in pills, the size of a pea, for the 
relief of asthma ; it causes vomiting. The juice is also burned 
in a closed vessel, with the flowers of mudar and 4 gunjas weight 
of the ashes mixed with honey, is given for the same purpose. 
(Dymock.) 
1180. F. religiosa, Linn., h.f.b.i., v. 513 ; Roxb. 
642. 
Sans. : — Aswaththam. 
Vem. Pipal (H.) ; Ashathwa, (B.) ; Hesar, pipar (Kol.) ; 
Hesak (Santal) ; Jari (Uriya) ; Bor-bur (Kachar) ; Pipli (Nepal) ; 
Ali (Gond.) ; Pipri (Korku) ; Pipal, bop (Pb.) ; Pimpala (Mar.) ; 
Pipul (Guz.); Arasa; Aswartham (Tam.) ; Rai, raiga, ragi, ravi 
or kulla ravi (Tel.); Rangi, basri, arali, arle, haspath, ragi, 
asvalta (Kan.) 
Habitat ■ — Wild in the Sub-Himalayan forests, in Bengal 
and in Central Iudia. 
A large, glabrous, usually epiphytic tree. Bark grey, nearly 
iin. thick, exfoliating in rounded, irregular flakes of varying 
size, often leaving rounded depressions. Wood greyish-white, 
moderately hard ; having narrow bands of soft tissue, which 
alternate with broader bands of firmer substance. Pores 
moderate-sized and large, often sub-divided, rather scanty. 
