N. 0. SALICINEjE. 
1223 
into the bark.” (Brandis.) Common also in the Punjab ; and 
planted in the U. P. 
A large, deciduous tree, usually gregarious. Bark thick, with 
irregular, vertical furrows. Wood moderately hard, compact, 
even-grained. Sapwood white ; heartwood red, often nearly 
black near the centre. Height 40-50ft ; trunk attaining 8ft. 
in girth. Extremities sometimes hoary, buds slightly pubescent, 
not viscid ; branches terete. Leaves polymorphous ; “ those of 
seedlings, young trees, pollard — and coppice-shoots linear, short 
petiolate, 3-6in. long ; those of older t7ees on branches, with 
short internodes, as a rule broad — ovate, rhomboid or cordate ; 
blade 2-3in. ; petiole l-2in. The broader leaves are dentate, 
cut or lobed, while the narrow leaves are generally entire. In- 
termediate forms frequent on the same tree and on the same 
branch.” (Brandis.) Catkins lax-fid. Male flowers bracts 
oblanceolate, incised; disk orbicular, 8-cleft; stamens 8-12. 
Female flowers: — disk tubular, 8-12 cleft, membranous, caduc- 
ous. Capsule turgidly lanceolate, ovoid, sub-sessile, 3-valved, 
i-Jin., on a long, slender pedicel. 
Use : — The bark is used as a vermifuge in the Punjab and 
Sind. (Stewart.) 
1211. P alba, Linn., h.f.b.i., v. 638. 
Vent. : — Chitta bagtm, safeda, jangli-frast, fras, chan (in 
(Pb.); Sperdor, spelda (Afg. ) ; Fras (Kashmir). 
Habitat : — N.-W. Himalaya, from Kunawur westwards. 
A lofty tree in Europe; in India exceeding 40ft. (Brandis.) 
Leaf-buds, shoots and leaves beneath, white with cottony to- 
mentum. Leaves oblong— ovate or broadly ovate, dull-green 
above, oi orbicular, sinnately lobed or toothed, palmately on 
young shoots; petiole l-2in., laterally compressed. Base 5-nerved, 
more or less cordate ; catkins hairy. Males 14-4 ; stamens 6-10. 
Females slender shoots. Tips crenate, ciliate. Disk stellate ; 
stigmas 2-2, partate ; arms linear. Carpels pedicelled, 2-valved. 
Capsule lin., shortly pedicelled. 
Uses The bark contains some salicine and acts as a tonic ; 
used for purifying the blood and in skin diseases. Bark said 
to be useful in strangury. (Punjab Products.) 
