122G 
INDIAN MEDICINAT. PLANTS. 
Habitat : — Planted only in N.-W. India. 
A tall, evergreen tree. Bark thin, light, peeling off in thin 
strips. Wood light-brown, moderately hard, close and even- 
grained. An ornamental tall tree, cultivated in gardens, attain- 
ing 100ft. and 9ft. girth of the trunk ; branches and their 
tips erect, with the leaves 4-angled ; crown narrowly cylindrical 
of drak-green foliage. Leaves ovate-oblong, convex, with a 
gland on either side. Anthers about 4; cones few, scattered, 
peduncled, lin. diam., globose or oblong ; scales of cone tuber- 
cled, 3-14, usually lin. diam., with a short, convex or keeled 
horn or boss. Seeds ovoid or oblong, nucleus angled. 
Uses : — Wood and fruit are regarded as astringent and 
anthelmintic. (Watt.) The fruit is prescribed as an aromatic 
stimulant in piles. (T. N. Mukerji.) 
i < 
1215. Junvperus communis, Linn., H.F.B.I., V. 
G46. 
Vern.: — Aaraar (Hind.); Chichia (Kumaon) ; Nfich, pama, 
pethra, bentlia, betar (Kashmir) ; Petthri, petthar, betthal 
wetyar, pAma, giashfik, lassar, nfich, chfich, betar, dhfip, lewar, 
lang8hfir, tbelu, gfigil, ch ft i, shfipa, fruit = haulber, abhfil (Pb.); 
Langshfir theln, lewar (Kunawar); Chfini, shuha (Spiti) ; Sbama 
(Lahoul); Abhal (Dec.); Fruit = Abhal,(habbul-aaraar, samratul- 
arraar (Arab.). 
Habitat:— Western Himalaya, from Kumaon westward. 
A dense, diffuse, ever-green shrub. Leaves m 
whorls of three, straight, spreading or erect; base narrowed, 
upper surface pale or white, concave ; lower green, convex, or 
obtusely keeled beneath, with a more or less prominent cushion 
on branchlets, persistent 3-4 years. Flowers axillary, sup- 
ported by small, imbricating bracts ; the male catkins ovoid, 
yellow, antheriferous ; scales broad-ovate, acuminate. The females 
resembling leaf-buds. Fruit globose, blue-black when ripe l-jin., 
very fleshy, ripening in August and September of the year 
after flowering. Seeds usually 3. Fruit sweet, aromatic, resinous, 
covered with a handsome, light bloom. Bark thin, reddish- 
brown, fibrous. Wood white; heartwood yellowish or pale-red, 
