N. O. CuNIFEIl* 
123; 
Internally, tlie resin is used as a stomachic and externally as 
a plaster, and is applied to buboes and abscesses for suppura- 
tion. The wood is considered stimulant, diaphoretic and 
useful in burning of the body, cough, fainting and ulcerations. 
“ The resin is stimulant both externally and internally. 
Internally, it acts chielly on the mucous membrane of the genito- 
urinary organs, and is, therefore, a very good remedy for 
gonorrhoea. I have used it with success in many cases of this 
disease, and in a few, with decided benefit, after the failure of 
copaiba, cubebs, gurjan balsam and turpentine. Dose : from 
one to three drachms in emulsion with mucilage, four times in 
24 hours. As it is very thick, it requires to be mixed well 
and gradually with the mucilage.” (Moodeen Sheriff.) 
The resin oil forms a white, rather tough, opaque mass and has a granular 
structure which is probably due to partial crystallisation of the resin acid. 
Its odor is extremely pleasant and some what resembles that of limestone. 
It has a Sp. Gr. 0 990, [u]o— 7°42', acid number 129, ester number 11, ami 
saponification number 140. When distilled with steam, it yields about 18'5 
per cent, of a volatile oil, which has the characteristic odour of pinene and a 
somewhat fainter odour of litnonene. The oil has a sp. gr. 0 - 866 and [a]D+2°48\ 
When fractionally distilled, it yields (1) 56 per cent, of a liquid which boils 
at 165-170° and has [alo-2°; (2)20 per cent, which boils at 170-175° and 
lias [ci]d + 2°48' ; (3) 9 per cent, which boils at HS-ISO 0 and has [o]d+6°50' ; 
and (4) 15 per cent, which boils at 180° and above and has [«]r»l80°12'. The 
oil probably contains I -pinene together with a small quantity of d-limonene. 
The presence of pinene was detected in the first fraction by means of 
amyl nitrite, but a crystalline nitroso-chloride was not isolated. Attempts 
to prepare the hydro-chloride and bromine additive compound also failed. 
The white, crumbly resin which remains after distilling the oil has acid 
number 142, ester number 13, and saponification number 155 ; a 10 per cent, 
solution in a 100 mm. tube has «d— TT 0'. Crystals of a resin acid melting 
P. Khusya, P, Merkussi and P. excelsa. The oil from this species, owing to 
its different chemical composition cannot come up to the American and 
French oils consisting mostly of pinene, but if prepared by adopting better 
methods of distillation, it is bettor than the Russian turpeutin oil and is 
not inferior to the American oil when used for paints, varnishes, &e. 
According to Messrs Morrison & Co,, who examined, and reported on, a 
sample of oil distilled by Mr. Fermandez at; Aainital the results of its applica- 
tion in cases of rheumatism were as good as those obtained with French oil. 
This species is not only abundant in its natural habitat, but has been 
planted more or less successfully iu various Indian plain stations, even in 
Calcutta. Mr. R. IS. Troup has recently published in the Indian Finest 
Memoirs, the results of his sylvicultural study of this plaint. 
155 
