H. 0. LILIA0E.E. 
1295 
distilling the bruised bulbs. When purified, this oil is colour- 
less, aud may be distilled without decomposition. When garlic 
has been eaten, the odour of this oil may be detected in the 
various secretions of the body. Regarded by some as an an- 
thelmintic. 
Mixed with vinegar it is used as an astringent in relaxed 
sore-throat and relaxation of the vocal cords. It is also used 
in asthma, general paralysis, facial paralysis, gout and sciatica, 
much thought of in the treatment of flatulent colic. Supposed 
to prevent the hair turning grey when applied externally. 
(Dr. Emerson.) It is resolvent in indolent tumors. Is largely 
used as a liniment in infantile convulsions and other nervous 
and spasmodic affections. It is also frequently used as a 
poultice in retention of urine from debility of the bladder. 
Garlics were found to yield 0'09 per cent, of their weight of a yellow- 
coloured, optically inactive, essential oil, which has the well-known intense 
odour ; its sp. gr. at 14-5° is 10525. It deposits a small quantity of crystals 
when cooled in a freezing mixture, does not contain oxygen, and decomposes 
when heated at 150°. The oil was fractionally distilled under a pressure of 
16 mm. 
Fraction 1 (6 per cent,) consists of all yl propyl bisulphide, C, H s 8. S. Pr., 
a bright-yellow oil of sp. gr. P0231 at 15°, boiling at 66-69° (16 mm,), and 
having the odour of onions; it gives voluminous precipitates with mercuric 
and auric chlorides, which are sparingly soluble in alcohol, and when treated 
with zinc-dust at 130°, yields a compound, C 4 S. It is decomposed by 
oxidising agents with the production of carbonic anhydride, oxalic acid, 
propionic and lower fatty acids, and sulphuric acid. 
Fraction 2 (60 per cent.) is diallyl bisulphide, S, (0, H 4 ),, a light-yellow 
oil, having the odour of garlic ; it is rendered colourless by distilling with a 
little potassium when it passes over at 78-80“ (16 mm.). It has a sp. gr. at 
14’8° =1-0237 and, on reduction with zinc-dust, yields a compound, C 6 H, 0 S, 
which boils under the ordinary pressure at 135-189°; it also re-acts with 
potassium, decomposes into carbonic anhydrid, oxalic, formic, and acetic acids, 
on oxidation with nitric acid, combines witli halogens, and does not re-act 
with mercuric oxide, even at 100°. 
Fraction 8 (20 per cent.), representing the portion passing over between 
112° and 122° (16 mm.), has the empirical formula, C s H 10 Sj, its sp. gr. at 15° 
being 1-0845 ; it yields the compound, C„- H 10 S, when heated with zinc-dust. 
Fraction 4 ( 10*5 per cent.) consists of the residue boiling above 122° (16 
mm.) ; it decomposes if the distillation is continued. On analysis, values were 
obtained approximating to those required by the formula C s H,„ S 4 . 
Oil of garlic contains neither allyl sulphide nor a sesquiterpene.— J. Ch, S. 
LX1V„ pt. I (1893), p. 108. 
