DESCRIPTION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS. 
81 
large and conspicuous, persistent until the flowers are fully 
developed. Leaves unequally pinnate ; 5-7, finely serrate, 
the 3 upper ovate or lanceolate, the lower pair much smaller 
and oblong-lanceolate, all taper-pointed ; fruit globular or de- 
pressed ; nut white, flattisli-globular, barely mucronate; the 
shell thinnish. Sterile catkins fascicled from separate lateral 
scaly buds near the summit of shoots of the preceding year. 
Stamens 3-10. Fertile flowers 2-5 in a cluster or short 
spike, on a peduncle terminating the shoot of the season ; 
calyx 4-toothed, petals none. FI. April. 
Carya sulcata, Nutt. Big Shell-baric. Bark as in the former. 
Leaflets, 7-9 more downy underneath ; fruit oval or ovate, 
4-ribbed above the middle, the husk very thick ; nut large, 
1J-2' long and usually angular, dull white or yellowish, 
thick-walled, usually strongly pointed at both ends. FI. 
May. Rich bottom lands. 
€arya tomentosa, Nutt. Mocker-nut. Also large tree, often 
100° high. Bark close, rough, but not shaggy and exfoliat- 
ing on old trunks ; catkins, shoots, and lower surface of the 
leaves tomentose when young, resinous-scented ; leaflets 7-9 
lanceolate-obovate, pointed ; fruit globular or ovoid, with a 
very thick and hard husk; nut globular, not compressed, 4- 
ridged toward the slightly pointed summit, brownish, very 
thick, V in diameter or smaller. Over the State. The inner 
bark and the nuts are used. 
CUPULIFERiE. (Oak Family.) 
Betula lenta, L. Sweet or Black Birch. Large tree with 
dark brown bark which is close, not pealing, sweet-aromatic. 
Leaves straight-veined, ovate or oblong-ovate from a more 
or less heart-shaped base, accuminate, sharply and finely 
doubly serrate all round, when mature shining or bright 
green above and glabrous except on the veins beneath. 
Flowers in scaly catkins ; sterile flowers 3 and bractlets 2 
to each shield-shaped scale or bract of the catkins, consisting 
of a calyx of one scale, bearing 4 short filaments with 1-celled 
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