THE FLOWER. 
79 
of one or more of the other circles ; there may, how- 
ever, be an increase in the number of parts of a circle 
by simple division of the parts without involving any 
other part of the flower, and this is known as chorisis or 
deduplication; an instance of this is seen in the stamens 
of the orange blossom, where from a single stamen a 
group of from three to eleven stamens may be pro- 
duced. Instead of an increase there may be a decrease 
in the number of parts. When there is a partial loss 
of the element, as of the anther of the stamen in 
the Catalpa flower, the stamen is said to be imperfectly 
developed or abortive. When the entire element re- 
mains undeveloped, as in the stamens of the Labiatse, 
it is said to be suppressed. 
1. CALYX AND COROLLA. 
As already stated the calyx and corolla, like the other 
parts of the flower, may consist of a number of sepa- 
rate divisions when they are spoken of as chorisepalous 
and choripetalous, respectively; or when the divisions 
are united they are known as gamosepalous (monosepa- 
lous, synsepalous) and gamopetalous (monopetalous, syn- 
petalous), respectively. 
When the parts of the calyx or corolla are entirely 
united they are said to be entire, and when they are 
partly united they are spoken of as “ toothed,” “ lobed ” 
or “ parted,” according to the degree of union. 
In the flowers of the Cruciferse and Caryophyllacece 
there is a conspicuous stalk to each of the separate 
petals, which is known as the unguis or claw; while 
the upper outspreading portion is known as the lamina 
or blade. In the gamosepalous calyx and the gamo- 
petalous corolla the lower united portion is known as 
the tube, and the upper outspreading portion as the 
limb or “ border.” 
