12S 
PHARMA COGNOSY. 
2. Dicotyledons. 
a. Rhizome with roots. 
a Rhizome horizontal. 
Numerous upright or curved branches and 
few roots Cimicifuga 
Internally deep yellow Hydrastis 
Light brown and with numerous coarse 
roots Leptandra 
p Rhizome oblique. 
Odor terebinth inate Serpentaria 
Odor aromatic Spigelia 
7 Rhizome upright Valeriana 
b. Rhizome without roots. 
Tuberculate Geranium 
Prominent seal-like stem-scars Podophyllum 
Internally with reddish resin cells . . . Sanguinaria 
IV. Corm. 
Transverse reniform disks Colchici Cormis 
V. Bulbs. 
Narrow light-yellow pieces Scilla 
SARSAPARILLA. 
The dried root of various species of Smilax (Fam. 
Smilaceae), perennial climbers, indigenous from Mex- 
ico to Brazil. There are four principal commercial 
varieties: (1) Honduras Sarsaparilla yielded by an 
undetermined species growing in Guatemala, Hondu- 
ras and Nicaragua, and exported from Honduras 
and Belize; (2) Para Sarsaparilla, yielded by Smilax 
papyracea growing in the upper Amazon region, 
and exported from Para; (3) Mexican Sarsaparilla, 
yielded probably by Smilax medica growing in 
Mexico, and exported from Vera Cruz and Tampico, 
and (4) Jamaica Sarsaparilla, obtained from uncertain 
species of Smilax , growing in the United States of 
Colombia, Costa Plica and Nicaragua, and shipped to 
Jamaica, from whence it is exported — chiefly to Lon- 
don. There is also a native Jamaica Sarsaparilla 
