PARTS OF ROOTS AND STEMS. 
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Without aromatic odor and taste. 
* Usual]}' in quills. 
Few lenticels Cinchona 
Numerous lenticels Frangula 
** Usually in flattened or transversely curved pieces. 
Inner surface reddened with 
alkalies ... Rhamnus Purshiana 
Inner surface not reddened 
with alkalies Viburnum Prunifolium 
b. Fracture fibrous. 
Tough-fibrous Gossypii Radicis Cortex 
Short, fibrous ... Rub.ua 
B. Grayish to grayish black. 
a. Fracture fibrous. 
Fracture silky-fibrous Euonymous 
Fracture uneven, fibrous Viburnum Opulus 
b. Fracture short. 
a With conical cork-wings . . Southern Prickly Ash 
/3 Cork-wings wanting. 
Inner surface with acicular 
crystals Northern Prickly Ash 
Inner surface non-crystalline Granatum 
C. Greenish in color. 
Fracture tough fibrous Mezereum 
Fracture short, granular Prunus Virginiana 
2. Without periderm. 
A. Aromatic odor and taste . . . Cinnamomum Zeylanicum 
B. Without aromatic properties 
a. Surface crystalline Quillaja 
b. Surface non-crystalline. 
Taste astringent Quercus Alba 
Taste mucilaginous Ulinus 
II. Woods. 
1. Light or bright yellow Quassia 
2. Yellowish red to yellowish brown. 
A. Imparts a violet or wine-color to water, Hsematoxylon 
B. Coloring matter insoluble in water, Santaluin Rubrum 
III. Pith. 
Whitish, light in weight Sassafras Medulla 
CINNAMOMUM (Cinnamon Bark). 
The dried bark of the stem and branches of various 
species of Cinnamomum (Faro. Lauracese), trees indig- 
