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PHARMA COGNOSY. 
in the sun. The fruit exported from Bordeaux is of 
superior quality. 
Description. — Drupe, superior, fleshy, ellipsoidal, 
more or less compressed, 3'5 to 4 cm. long, about 3 cm. 
broad ; externally brownish black, glabrous, wrinkled, 
with two faint lines indicating the dorsal and ventral 
sutures, apex with a slight scar from the remains of the 
style, base with a depressed stalk-scar 3 to 5 mm. in 
diameter, sarcocarp yellowish brown, fleshy, somewhat 
stringy, T5 cm. thick ; taste sweet and acidulous ; 
endocarp ellipsoidal, flattened about 2 mm. thick, 
externally dark brown, reticulate, with a groove on 
one side, frequently extending nearly around the edge, 
internally light brown, smooth, one-celled, one-seeded, 
occasionally two-seeded ; seed about 2 cm. long, 8 mm. 
wide, 5 mm. thick, closely resembling Bitter Almond 
(see Amydala Amara). 
Constituents. — Sugar 25 to 40 per cent. ; organic 
acids, as malic, tartaric, etc., about 2 per cent. 
HUMULUS (Hops). 
The fruit of Humulus Lupulus (Fam. Moracese), a 
perennial herbaceous climber indigenous to Europe, 
Asia and North America, and extensively cultivated 
in various parts of Europe, the United States, South 
America and Australia, where it is also naturalized. 
Hops are collected in September, when they are 
ripe, carefully dried by means of artificial heat, and 
packed into bales or sent loose into commerce. They 
are sometimes treated with sulphur dioxide to improve 
the color and to prevent change of the active principles. 
Description. — Cone-like, flattened, oblong or ovoid, 
2 to 3 cm. long, 15 to 2 cm. wide, about 7 mm. thick, 
consisting of a sharp undulate rachis and about fifty 
membranous bracts, the latter distinctly veined, light 
