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PHARMA COGNOSY. 
cent, of volatile oil, of which about 30 per cent, is 
diosphenol ; long bucliu contains only about one-third 
as much volatile oil and it contains little or no dios- 
phenol ; buchu also contains two crystalline gluco- 
sides, diosmin and hesperidin, mucilage and calcium 
oxalate. 
Allied Plants. — The leaves of Barosma crenulata 
are occasionally found in the market; they are oblong- 
lanceolate, about twice as broad as long buchu, margin 
slightly toothed, apex more or less rounded, and the 
yield of oil is about as much as that of short buchu. 
Adulterants. — The leaves of Empleurum serrulatum 
(Fam. Rutacese) are sometimes offered for long buchu, 
from which they differ in having an acute but some- 
what acuminate apex, which is glandless, a peculiar 
odor and a bitter taste. 
CHIMAPHILA (Pipsissewa). 
The dried leaves of Chimaphila umbellata (Fam. Eri- 
caceae), a perrenial herb indigenous to the United 
States and Southern Canada and Northern Europe 
and Siberia. 
Description. — Lanceolate or oblaneeolate, 2‘5 to 5 
cm. long, 8 to 18 mm. broad; apex obtuse or acute; 
base acute or cuneate ; margin sharply serrate; upper 
surface dark green, not mottled, glabrous, shiny; mid- 
rib and veins depressed, the latter diverging at an 
angle of about 60° and uniting with each other near 
the margin; under surface yellowish green; petiole 
about 1 mm. long; texture coriaceous, brittle; odor 
slight; taste astringent, bitter. 
Constituents. — A neutral, crystalline principle 
chimaphilin ; two glucosides — arbutin and ericolin ; a 
crystalline, resinous principle urson ; tannin about 4 
per cent. ; calcium oxalate ; ash about 5 per cent. 
