LEAVES AND HERBS. 
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of aloes ; a bitter glucoside sennapicrin ; an acrid glu- 
coside rhamnetin ; calcium oxalate; ash 10 to 12 per 
cent. 
Allied Plants. — The leaves of Cassia Marilandica 
' vild or American senna), a perennial herb indigenous 
to the Eastern and Central United States and Canada, 
contain principles closely resembling those of Alexan- 
drian and Indian senna, these leaves having been offi- 
cial in the U.S.P up to 1880. 
Senna pods are also found in the market, either 
admixed with the leaves or sold separately ; they are 
from 35 to 70 mm. long and about 20 mm. broad, 
greenish to dark brown externally, and contain from 
five to seven obovate, dark brown, nearly smooth 
seeds. They contain apparently the same active prin- 
ciples as the leaves. 
HAMAMELIS (Witch-Hazel Leaves). 
The leaves of Iiamamelis Virginiana (Fam. Hama- 
melidacese), a shrub indigenous to the Eastern United 
States and Canada. The leaves are collected in au- 
tumn, and are used in the fresh condition, or dried ; 
when dried they should be carefully preserved and 
not kept longer than one year. 
Description. — Broadly elliptical, or rhomboid- 
obovate, more or less unequal ; 3'5 to 12 cm. long, 
2 - 5 to 7 cm. broad ; apex rounded, acute or acuminate; 
base obliquely cordate; margin sinuate or sinuate- 
dentate; upper surface dark green, veins of the first 
order diverging at an angle of about 60° and running 
r early parallel to the margin, with grayish patches of 
a mold and slightly pubescent; under surface light 
green, pubescent, midrib and veins prominent ; petiole 
5 to 12 mm. long; texture coarse, brittle; odor slight; 
taste astringent. 
