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PHARMACOGNOSY. 
and (3) that known as “triple conjugation,” as found 
in Chondrus, Gigartina and other red algse. 
CHONDRUS (Irisli Moss, Carragheen). 
The entire plant of Chondrus crispus (Fam. Gigarti- 
naceae), an alga found along the northwestern coast of 
Ireland, and the coast of Massachusetts. The plants 
are collected chiefly during June and July, spread out 
on the beach and bleached by the action of the sun 
and dew, then treated with salt water, finally dried 
and stored. The chief points of collection in this 
country are south of Boston. 
Description. — Consisting of a number of diclioto- 
mously branching, somewhat enlarged segments, be- 
coming emarginate or two-lobed, which arise from a 
slender, somewhat flattened base about one-half the 
length of the entire thallus; yellowish white, translu- 
cent. sometimes with fruit-bodies or cystocarps im- 
Dedded near the apex of the segments ; somewhat 
cartilaginous; having a slight saline odor and a muci- 
laginous, somewhat saline taste. 
One part of Chondrus boiled for ten minutes with 
30 parts of w 7 ater yields a solution which gelatinizes on 
cooling, and is not colored blue by iodine test-solution. 
Constituents. — The principal constituent is carra- 
geenin, a mucilaginous principle which is but slightly 
adhesive and differs from the true gums in not being 
precipitable by alcohol in aqueous solution ; the drug 
also contains proteids, about 10 per cent.; ash 10 to 15 
per cent., containing among other salts some iodides 
and bromides. 
II. FUNGI. 
The Fungi include a large number of plants which 
do not possess chloroplastids ; therefore, they do not 
produce starch but may contain considerable amounts 
