280 
PHARMACOGNOSY. 
C. CALCIUM OXALATE IN CRYSTAL FIBERS. 
20. Granatum. — Dark green ; crystal fibers containing 
rosette-shaped crystals and monoclinic prisms of cal- 
cium oxalate about 15 [jl in diameter ; sclerenchymatous 
cells non-lignified, thick-walled, with distinct lamellae, 
simple pores and branched canals; starch grains spheri- 
cal, 5 to 7 yu in diameter ; some parenchymatous cells 
with marked centripetal thickenings, others with irreg- 
ular tannin masses. The powder of the root bark is 
free from chloroplastids; the cork cells are more numer- 
ous and the sclerenchymatous cells more irregular in 
shape. 
20a. Uva Ursi.— (See No. 19). 
D. CALCIUM OXALATE IX CRYPTOCRYSTAL- 
LINE CRYSTALS. 
21. Belladonna Folia. — Dark green; calcium oxalate 
in cryptocrystalline crystals, occasionally in raphides 
or rosette-shaped crystals; non-secretion hairs few, 
simple, two to five-celled ; secretion hairs few, of two 
kinds, stalks one to three-celled, glandular heads one 
to many-celled. 
II. CALCIUM-OXALATE CRYSTALS FEW 
OR WANTING. 
A. CYSTOLITHS OF CALCIUM CARBONATE 
PRESENT. 
22. Cannabis Indica. — (See No. 1). 
23. Spigelia. — An adulterant of Spigelia contains 
calcium carbonate in special cells of the cortex. 
B. CALCIUM-CARBONATE CRYSTALS 
WANTING. 
a. Secretion and Non- Secretion Hairs Present, 
a FRAGMENTS OF PAPPUS PRESENT. 
24. Eupatorium.— Dark green ; non-secretion hairs of 
two kinds, two to eight-celled, thin-walled, finely 
