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PHARMACOGNOSY. 
77. Sandarac. — Almost insoluble in alcohol (95 per 
cent.), the solution remaining almost colorless ; the 
fragments do not melt when heated with water. 
78. Aloes (Cape). — In glycerin mount some fragments 
are conchoidal ; the particles become clear and dis- 
solve, leaving a few colorless lens-shaped or fine acicu- 
lar crystals. The latter are more abundant in the 
Barbadoes aloes. 
7 MORE OPAQUE. 
79. Ammoniac. — Irregular, faint - yellow, opaque 
masses, made up of small, whitish or grayish particles. 
80. Cambogia. — -Irregular, bright-yellow masses, made 
up of small yellow particles. 
POWDERS OF A BROWNISH COLOR. 
This group includes all those powdered drugs which 
have a liglit-brown (raw sienna or raw umber), dark 
brown (Vandyke brown), blackisli-brown (sepia), or 
grayish-brown color. This is the largest group and 
includes most of the powdered roots, rhizomes and 
barks, together with a few flowers, fruits and seeds. 
I. FIBROVASCULAR TISSUES PRESENT. 
A. CONTAINING STARCH. 
a. Calcium-Oxalate Crystals Present, 
a CRYSTALS, ROSETTE-SHAPED. 
1. SCLERENCHYMATOUS FIBERS NUMEROUS. 
* CONTAINING RESIN OR TANNIN MASSES, 
f libers with Thick Walls and Strongly Lignified. 
81. Belladonn Radix. — (See No. 91.) 
82. Gossypii Radicis Cortex. — Light brown; bast fibers 
long, narrow, thick- walled, lignified; starch grains 
somewhat spherical, 4 to 20 in diameter, single or 
