338 
TLLUSTRA TIONS. 
Plate VII. 
MORPHOLOGY OF ROOTS AND STEMS. 
Fig. 55. — A germinating plant of pea: (P), growing point of root 
protected by a root-cap ; (RB), root branches in differ- 
ent stages of development; (HC), hypocotyl ; (EC), 
epicotyl ; (C), cotyledon. 
Fig. 56. — A germinating plant of Sinapis alba : (P), growing point 
of root; (H), root hairs; (C), cotyledon. 
Fig. 57. — A transverse section through the root of a germinating 
pea plant about 40 mm. from the tip showing the origin 
of a root branch ; (E), epidermis ; (CO), primary cortex ; 
(X), xylem ; (P), phloem; (EX), endodermis; (RB), 
root branch. 
Fig. 58. — Longitudinal section through a root of Veratrum viridc 
showing the nature of the contraction of the root: 
(E), epidermis; (CS), cells of cortex containing starch ; 
(CO), cells of cortex containing raphides; (F). tibro- 
vascular bundle ; (A), rifts or cavities formed as a 
result of the radial swelling of the cells of the cortex. 
Fig. 59. — Longitudinal section through winter bud of Qucrcus coc- 
cinea: (P), growing point; (L), young leaves; (SB), 
stem branches; (F), fibrovascular bundle. 
