MIGRATION AND FLIGHT. 
85 
its cage before nightfall, and was taken as usual into the 
bouse. As tbe season still farther advanced, it was to he 
permanently housed, and was expected to sing again at 
Christmas. 
Other facts deserve attention, proving that mere climate is 
by no means, in all cases, the cause of these periodical visits. 
Thus, some birds will, on the introduction of a new system of 
cultivation, make their appearance in countries where they 
were never seen before. The Crossbill ( hoxia curvirostrd) 
has followed the apple to England. Glenco, in the High- 
lands of Scotland, never saw the Partridge till its farmers of 
late years introduced 
corn into their lands. 
The Sparrow again 
extended its range 
with the tillage of 
the soil. Thus, dur- 
ing the last century 
it has spread gra- 
dually over Asiatic 
Russia, towards the 
north and east, al- 
ways following the 
progress of Cultiva- Cross-Bill 
tion. It made its 
first appearance on the Irtisch, in Tobolsk, soon after the 
Russians had ploughed the land. It came, in 1735, up the 
Obi to Beresow, and four years afterwards to Haryn, about 
fifteen degrees of longitude farther east. In 1710, it had 
been seen in the higher parts of the course of the Lena, in the 
government of Irkutzk. In all these places it is now common, 
but it is not yet found in the uncultivated regions of Kamts- 
chatka.* From certain entries in the Hunstanton Household 
Book, from 1519 to 1578, in which Sparrows (or, as they are 
there written, Spows, or Sparrhouse) are frequently recorded, 
it would appear that these birds took their place in the larders 
* L YELL’S Geol., in. 22. 
