78 
PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 
187. Camassia (Quamasia) leichtinii Baker. Camas. Liliacece. 
A very important Indian food plant. The bulbs are eaten raw and 
baked. The related Quamasia quamash, Death Camas, is very poi- 
sonous. 
188. Camelina sativa L. False flax. Cruciferce. 
Introduced weed. At one time this plant was grown commercially 
for the oil in the seeds. 
189. Cananga (Unona, Uvaria, Canang) odorata H. and T. Ylang- 
ylang. (See Artabotrys.) 
190. Cannabis sativa L. Indian hemp. Urticacece. 
Escaped from cultivation. The exact medicinal value of the Cali- 
fornia-grown plants requires further careful study. Extensively 
grown as a fiber plant in Butte County. 
191. Capsicum baccatum. Bird pepper. Solanacece. 
Easily grown. Supplies the bulk of the cayenne pepper of the 
market. The name bird pepper refers to the fact that turkeys are 
very fond of the fruit. Used as a stimulant tonic in atonic dyspepsia. 
192. Capsicum fastigiatum. Bed pepper. Cayenne or African 
pepper. Solanacece. 
This is a common California product. Very extensively cultivated. 
193. Carica papaya. Pawpaw. Passifloracece. 
A common introduced plant. Grown as an ornamental plant, and 
for the fruit in southern California. The fruit contains a ferment 
papain, which acts on starch, emulsifies fat and converts albuminoids 
into peptones. Of great commercial interest. 
194. Carica quercifolia. PawpaAv. Passifloracece. 
Leaves contain high percentage of papain, which is much used as a 
substitute for pepsin. For fermentative action of juice, see Proc. A. 
Ph. A. 27:231. 1879. 
195. Carob. (See Ceratomia.) 
196. Carthamus tinctorius L. American, false or dyer’s saffron. 
Compositce. 
Native of India and Africa. Cultivated in various parts of the 
United States. Used for dyeing purposes and as an adulterant of, or 
as a substitute for, true or Spanish saffron, as a domestic diaphoretic, 
and laxative in measles, scarlatina, and in other eruptive diseases. 
197. Carum gairdneri Gray. Wild caraway. Umbellifercc. 
Poisonous. Used by Indians. (Palmer.) (Proc. A. Ph. A. 27 : 193, 
1879.) 
