84 
PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 
coast slopes, would seein suitable for cinchona culture, especially the 
hardy C. officinalis. (U. S. Disp., pp. 388-418.) (Bailey, Cycl. Am. 
Hort., 316.) (Univ. Calif. Coll. Agr. Rep., pp. 74—75, 1879; pp. 103- 
105, 1883.) 
James MacPherson, who has resided at the plateau of the Nilgiri 
Mountains in India, states that the list of plants in the Report of the 
Park Commissioners of Golden Gate Park is closely similar to that of 
the Nilgiri Plateau. 
For reference to literature and abstracts of papers on the history, 
uses and cultivation of Cinchonas, see volumes of Proceedings of the 
American Pharmaceutical Association, especially the earlier numbers 
ranging from the first number up to 1880 and later. Each volume 
Avill have several references to the subject. 
239. Cinnamomum camphora Nees. Camphor tree. Laurinece. 
Has escaped from cultivation and thrives well throughout the State. 
Of slow growth. No practical attempts at cultivation and camphor 
production on a large scale have thus far been made in the United 
States. There seems to be no good reason why California, Florida 
and other warm states should not supply camphor. The California 
tree is evidently as rich in camphor as that of China and Japan, as is 
shown from recent tests made at the California College of Pharmacy 
by E. M. Kimberlin. Whether camphor production could be made 
profitable in California has not yet been determined. Carefully 
planned tests and experiments would be very desirable to determine 
this. 
240. Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. Ceylon cinnamon. Laurinece. 
Cultivated in southern part of the State. Other species are also cul- 
tivated. No commercial use made of the bark. Handsome trees. 
241. Cirsium (Cnicus) arvensis Scop. Canada thistle. Compositce. 
This plant is said to contain an alkaloid and have emetic, tonic and 
diaphoretic properties. Root astringent, and has been used medicin- 
ally. An introduced plant. (H. J. Pierce. Am. Journ. Pharm. 58 : 
1896.) 
242. Cistus species. Rock rose. Labdanum. Cistacece. (See, also, 
Labdanum.) 
Evergreen shrubs extensively cultivated. Contain a resinous sub- 
stance (labdanum) which is of considerable commercial value in the 
Orient. It is an expectorant tonic, formerly much used in catarrh 
and dysentery. Now used only in plasters. (C. labdaniferus L. and 
other species.) (Am. Journ. Pharm. 47:499. 1875.) (Proc. A. Ph. 
A. 27:224. 1879.) 
