PIIARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 
85 
243. Citrullus colocynthis Schrad. Colocyntli. Bitter apple. 
Cucurbit acece. 
Has been grown in Mexico and promises to do well in this State. A 
laxative. Poisonous. Well known medicinally. (U. S. Disp.) 
244. Citrus limonum L. and varieties. Lemon. Aurantiacece. 
Extensively cultivated in southern portions of the State. Related 
fruits, as the grape fruit, lime, with their numerous culture varieties 
and artificial crosses, are cultivated in the State. (See publications by 
Le Long.) (Bailey, Cycl. Am. ILort. 322.) 
245. Claviceps purpurea Tul. Ergot. Fungi. 
This fungus occurs on rye and other cereals. On the western plains 
it is found on the following grasses: Elymus species, Agropyron 
species, Koeleria cristata (Prairie June grass), Phalaris arundinacese 
(reed canary grass), more commonly on Elymus condensatus (Avild rye 
grass) and Agropyron spicatum (bluejoint. grass). On these hosts it 
is the cause of poisoning cattle. General medicinal uses known to 
Indians. A very useful haemostatic. (Contrib. IT. S. Nat. Herb. 7 : 
(No. Ill) 299.) (U. S. Disp. 511.) 
246. Clematis lasiantha Nutt. Pipe-stem. Large-flowered clematis. 
Ranunculacece. 
Quite common. Requires study. Perhaps has properties like those 
of C. erecta, C. flammula, C. vitalba and C. virginiana, Avhich have 
been used medicinally in the treatment of cancer, ulcers, syphilitic 
eruptions, the itch, etc. Some species are much cultivated as orna- 
mental plants. 
247. Clematis ligustifolia Nutt. Ranunculacece. 
Stem and leaves are chewed to cure colds. Another common Cali- 
fornia species known as hill clematis. 
248. Clintonia andrewsiana Torr. Purple clintonia. Liliacece. 
Considered a valuable diuretic, mild tonic and demulcent. (Kel- 
logg, Trans. State Agr. Soc., p. 148.) 
249. Cnicus (Carduus) benedictus L. Blessed thistle. Conipositce. 
Introduced in the University gardens at Berkeley, but threatened 
to spread as a noxious weed and was promptly exterminated. Leaves 
worth about twenty-five cents per pound. Seeds and herb used in 
medicine. 
250. Cocos species. Coco nuts. Palmce. 
The cocoa nut palms thrive in southern California. Many species 
and varieties are being introduced. 
