90 
PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 
277. Cypripedium hirsutum Mill. Larger yellow lady’s slipper. 
Orchidacece. 
Found in Maine, Minnesota, Alabama, Arkansas, and sparingly in 
Colorado. Can no doubt be introduced into California. 
278. Cypripedium montanum. Lady’s slipper. Orchidacece. 
Not very plentiful and requires study. Another species, C. cali- 
fomicum, is found in Mendocino County. 
279. Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. Orchidacece. 
Range much as preceding, but extending father north and west, 
to the State of Washington. Can no doubt be cultivated in certain 
areas of California. 
280. Cypripedium reginae Walt. Showy lady’s slipper. Orchid- 
acece. 
In swamps of Georgia, Missouri, and Minnesota. Can no doubt be 
introduced into the boggy swamp lands of California. 
The poisonous nature of the above orchids was not suspected until 
about 1875, when Prof. H. H. Babcock called attention to symptoms 
produced not unlike those caused by poison ivy (Rhus radicans). 
In 1894 Prof. D. T. MacDougal of the Tucson Experimental Station 
investigated these plants more carefully and reached the conclusion 
that the active principle (oil) occurred in the glandular tricliomes of 
the leaves and stems. The action and exact chemical nature of this 
substance requires further study. (D. T. MacDougal. On the poi- 
sonous influence of Cypripedium spectabile and C. pubescens. Min- 
nesota Bot. Studies, Bui. 9, Jan., 1894.) 
281. Cytisus laburnum L. (Laburnum vulgare Presl.) Papilion- 
acece. 
Cultivated in California. Poisonous. Has been used in asthma, 
Avhooping-cough, dyspepsia, headache, etc. 
282. Cytisus scoparius L. Broom. Papilionacece. 
Very common as an ornamental plant throughout the State. A 
decoction is used as a diuretic and cathartic, in cardiac affections and 
in dropsy. In large doses it is poisonous and emetic. Said to be 
useful as a supporter of the heart’s action during chloroform and 
ether anaesthesia. 
A very common ornamental shrub throughout the State. Well 
known medicinally. Numerous other species of cytisus are intro- 
duced. (U. S. Disp.) 
283. Dalea species. Leguminosce. 
The California species are limited to the southeastern desert regions. 
They are used as food and medicinally by the Indians. 
