98 
PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 
Am. Journ. Med. Sci., 1865.) Other species are E. macrophyllum, 
E. botrys, and E. moschatum. 
343. Eryngium aquaticum L. Button snakeroot, Umbelliferoe. 
The root is bitter, pungently aromatic, used as a sialagogue, dia- 
phoretic, and expectorant. Has been used as a substitute for senega. 
In large doses, emetic. The native species require further study. 
344. Erythraea douglasii Gray. Canchalagua. Gentianacece. 
Used in the treatment of malaria and as a blood purifier. 
345. Erythraea muhlenbergii Griseb. Canchalagua. Gentianacece. 
This and Erythraea leucantha Griseb. enjoy an excellent reputation 
among the Indians and settlers as a febrifuge and anodyne. Old 
settlei's call it “opium plant.” 
346. Erythraea trichantha Griseb. Ague weed. Gentianacece . 
Said to be a valuable remedy in the treatment of malaria. 
347. Erythraea venusta Gray. Canchalagua. California centaury. 
Gentianacece. 
Very extensively employed as a fever remedy, as a bitter tonic, 
anti-malarial, and is said to be antiseptic. General properties like 
those of gentian. 
A species of Erythraea, mentioned by Dr. Kellogg, was reported to 
be a pleasant, bitter tonic, useful in malaria. Its medicinal properties 
are said to be entirely lost in the dry plant. (Proc. Calif. Acad. 1 : 63, 
July, 1855.) 
348. Erythronium giganteum Lindl. Dogtooth violet. Liliacece. 
The Indians eat the conns and also crush them and apply them to 
boils and ulcers. 
349. Erythroxylon coca Lam. Coca. Erythroxylacece. 
Apparently no attempts have been made to introduce this plant into 
California. It thrives in the Andes at an elevation of two thousand 
to five thousand feet. "Would no doubt survive in the warmer por- 
tions of the State. It is worthy of a trial. 
350. Eschscholtzia californica Cham. California poppy. Papa- 
veracece. 
This is the best known flowering herb of the State, and is found 
everywhere in great profusion and showing considerable variation in 
the coloration of the flowers. Has received considerable attention on 
the part of chemists and therapeutists. It is said to be a soporific 
and analgesic similar in action to opium, without any of the objection- 
able features of the latter drug. Flowers put in oil and placed in the 
sun, used as an application to cleanse the hair and scalp and as a hair 
tonic. 
