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PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 
rata constitute the jalap of the market. The leaves of I. maritima 
are used in the form of fomentations applied to the enlarged joints 
of scrofulous patients. 
450. Ipomceia hederacea Jacq. Convolvulacece. 
A native of Japan. Cultivated as an ornamental plant in California. 
Contains a resinous principle, perhaps identical with convolvulin. 
Has decided laxative properties. 
451. Iris species. Iridacece. 
Many introduced species are found in the State, including I. ger- 
manica, I. versicolor, I. florentina. Readily cultivated. Requires 
rich, moist soil. The dried and peeled roots of I. florentina are known 
in the drug market as orris root ; they have a fragrant violet-like 
odor, much used in tooth powders, sachet powders, perfumes, etc. 
I. versicolor is much used in cattle powders. Has cathartic and 
diuretic properties. (U. S. Disp.) 
The following species are native and should be more carefully 
studied as to properties and constituents : I. longipetala, I. douglasi- 
ana, I. macrosiphon. 
452. Iris macrosiphon Torr. Ground iris, wild damiana. Iridacece. 
Pound in the coast ranges from San Mateo to Trinity County. 
Held in great esteem by Spanish and Mexicans as an aphrodisiac 
and emmenagogue. 
453. Isatis tinctoria L. Dyers weed. Cruciferce. 
Thrives in cultivation. Escaped from cultivation. Leaves yield an 
indigo dye and have been used medicinally in jaundice, scurvy and 
in other complaints. 
To obtain the dye, the leaves are ground, made into a paste, placed 
in heaps and allowed to ferment. (U. S. Disp.) 
454. Isopyrum occidentale H. and A. Ranunculacece. 
Rare. Perhaps contains alkaloids like those of I. thalictroides. 
(Am. Journ. Pliarm. 44: 453.) 
455. Jasminum species. Jasmine. Oleacece. 
Extensively cultivated as ornamental plants. The flowers yield the 
oil of jasmine, which is used only as a perfume. The oil is obtained 
by placing the flowers with alternating layers of cotton in the sun. 
The oil is taken up by the cotton and expressed. Distilling destroys 
the aroma. 
456. Jateorhiza palmata Miers. Calumba. Columbo. Menisfer- 
macece. 
An introduced plant, native of Africa. Well known medicinally; 
readily cultivated. (U. S. Disp.) 
