PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 
133 
counter-irritation. (Calif. Geog. Surv. Bot. 2:123.) (Contrib. Nat 
Herb. 7 : 306-307.) (Proc. A. Ph. A., 26 : 1878, 27 : 1879.) 
647. Pinus contorta murrayana Bulf. Murray’s pine. Coniferce. 
The wood of this tree is much used by the Indians in making tent 
poles, as fuel, etc. 
648. Pinus lambertiana Dougl. Lambert’s pine. Sugar pine. 
Coniferce. 
The saccharine exudation has already been referred to. This is one 
of the handsomest and most highly valued of the California pines. 
The gum of the variety monticola is used as chewing gum. 
649. Pinus monophylla Torr. Nevada nut pine. Pinon pine. 
Coniferce. 
Rich in resin. The roasted seeds are eaten. (Calif. Geog. Surv. Bot. 
2 : 124.) 
650. Pinus ponderosa Dough Yellow pine. Coniferce. 
The gum exudation is used medicinally and as an adhesive agent in 
tent and canoe making, etc. The gum is also used for chewing pur- 
poses. (Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 7 : (No. Ill), 307.) 
651. Pinus sabiniana Dough Digger pine. Coniferce. 
The nuts of this tree form the principal winter fruit of the Digger 
Indians. The seeds are rich in fat (51.5%) and proteids (28.05%). 
The yellow pitch is applied as a protective covering to sores, wounds 
and burns, and is used as a counter-irritant. The bark infusion is 
given in consumption. Steamed twigs and leaves are said to be useful 
in rheumatism and for bruises. (Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 7 : (III), 
307.) 
652. Pinus torreyana Parry. Torrey pine. Coniferce. 
A comparatively rare tree of southern California. The fruits are 
eaten by the Indians. 
653. Pirus species and varieties. Pears, apples, etc. Rosacece. 
The multitudinous variety of apples, pears and quinces are ex- 
tensively cultivated throughout the State. Some California apples are 
deficient in flavor. 
654. Pistacia mexicana. Pistacia nut. Anacarcliacece. 
A Mexican plant introduced into California. Contains a resinous 
juice. Requires further study. 
655. Pictacia vera L. Pistachio nut. Anacardiacece. 
A native of the Orient and Mediterranean countries, cultivated in 
California. The green seeds are much used as a coloring agent (green) 
in confections and ice creams. P. terebinthus yields the fragrant tur- 
