PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 
139 
said to be violent and dangerous. Used also to destroy tape worm. 
(Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 7:304.) 
704. Pulsatilla hirsutissima Brit. Ranunculacece. 
Reported to be poisonous. 
705. Puniaca granatum L. Pomegranate. Lythrariacece. 
Well known fruit tree, extensively cultivated in southern portions of 
the State. Well known medicinally. (Proe. A. Ph. A. 28: 176, 1880.). 
70(). Purshia tridentata I) .0. Rosacece. 
Indians use a decoction of the leaves as a cough medicine. The 
directions are “take lots of leaves, drink about a cup full.” 
707. Pyrethrum species and varieties. Composites. 
Many species and varieties are cultivated, including P. roseum and 
P. cinerariaefolium, from which insect powders are made. Several 
brands of insect powders are manufactured in California, including the 
well-known buhaeh. 
708. Pyrola picta Smith. White veined skin leaf. Ericacece. 
Plasters and poultices made from the leaves are applied to bruises 
and sores. 
709. Pyrola rotundifolia bracteata Gray. Indian lettuce. Canker 
lettuce. Ericacece. 
A tincture of the fresh plant is used in the treatment of ulcers, sores 
and cancer. 
710. Pyrus cydonia L. Quince. Rosacece. 
This well-known fruit tree is common throughout the State of Cali- 
fornia. 
711. Quercus species. Oaks. Cupuliferce. 
Some of the California oaks (Q. lobata, Q. agrifolia) are remarkable 
for size and grandeur. Nine species occur within the State. The bark 
of Q. densiflora (California tan bark oak) is very rich in tannin, used 
medicinally, and also in tanning. The seeds of the several species are 
roasted and eaten by Indians, and constitute a Very important article 
of diet. Small galls of the size of a pea are common on the California 
live oak. Large galls, several inches in diameter, occur on another 
species of oak (Q. lobata, California oak galls) which are reported to 
be rich in tannin. 
The fresh galls are used in the treatment of sore eyes. The bark of 
Q. lobata is used in the treatment of dysentery. The bark of Q. cali- 
fornica and Q. douglassii is mixed for tanning purposes. (P. II. Lane: 
Cal. Tan Bark Oak, Cal. College of Pharm., Thesis, 1902.) (Contrib. 
U. S. Nat. Herb. Vol. 7: No. 3), (Contrib. U. S. Nat, Herb. 7:343), 
(Proe. A. Ph. A. 27: 275, 1879.) 
