101 
APPENDIX. 
AUSTRALIAN MANNA. 
Since Eucalyptus rubida, the principal producer of Australian manna, is dealt 
with in this Part, it seems appropriate to refer to the whole subject, in order that we 
may see how imperfect our knowledge is in regard to it. It will be seen what a puzzle 
it yet presents to entomologists, while botanists desire to record further Eucalypts on 
which marina and lerp are found, and chemists have not exhausted the possibilities 
of the substances, by any means. 
I will classify the information I have got together under the following heads, 
and solicit the assistance of my readers in making it more complete. 
1. Mannas and sugary substances on plants other than Eucalyptus. 
2. Botanical notes on Eucalyptus Manna. 
3. Zoological notes on Eucalyptus Manna. 
4. Chemical notes on Eucalyptus MaVma. 
Also, but less pertinent to our present inquiry 
5. Watery liquids from Eucalyptus trees. 
1. Mannas and sugary substances on plants other than Eucalyptus. 
Two mannas naturally occur to one, the manna of the Old Testament and the 
medicinal manna of Europe. 
The manna of the Scriptures is referred to and described in Exodus xvi, 14, &c., 
and Numbers xi, 7, &c. " And the manna was as coriander seed, and the colour thereof 
as the colour of bdellium." 
I take the following from Tristram's " Natural History of the Bible." 
Manna. The vegetable product so named, which is collected in the deserts of Arabia Petraea, has 
no connection with the miraculous food of Israel in the wanderings, beyond the fancied similarity in its 
taste, which is extremely sweet. It has no resemblance whatever to coriander seed, being simply a sweet 
exudation, which is distilled in hot weather after rains from the Tamarisk trees, and carefully collected 
before sunrise, boiled and strained, and then used as honey. When kept for any length of time it becomes 
quite solid, and forms a hard cake, which, however, melts on exposure to the sun. It is only collected 
in very small quantities, and is considered a great delicacy by the Bedouin. Both the common species of 
Tamarisk yield it, and also, in smaller quantities, the Oak. We frequently observed and tasted this gummy 
exudation on the Tamarisks by the Jordan in the early morning,. but before evening the sun's rays had 
melted it all away. 
The manna of the Bible is, however, usually attributed to a lichen (Lecanoria 
esculenta), but this is only a guess. 
