112 
Macrouistria ///</// Germ., " The Union Jack," was found commonly on 
smooth-stemmed gums about Sydney, viz., E. Sieberiana and E. h<etnastoma. 
Melanpsalta melanopygia Germ, clings to the stems of young Eucalypts. 
See also " Cicadas (Locusts) and their habits " by W. W. Froggatt, Agricultural 
Gazette, N.S.W., xiv, 334, 418 (1903), a popular account of the species in Australia 
and other parts of the world. Full descriptions and illustrations are given of several 
species. A valuable appendix to this paper is the Bibliography at p. 423, much of 
which is, of course, only of interest to entomologists. 
An important paper is " Monograph of the Australian Cicadidae," by F. W. 
Goding and W. W. Froggatt (Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., xxix, 561, 1904, with Plates 
XVIII, XIX). They are placed in 21 genera, included in 119 species. Thopha saccata 
Fabr., the " Double Drummer." " It frequents the more open forest country, clinging 
to the trunks of the large rough-barked Eucalypts." 
Psaltoda moerens Germ., the " Black Cicada," or " Red Eye," frequents the 
trunks and branches of the smooth-stemmed Eucalypts. (On Angophora lanceolata 
in Froggatt's paper, Agricultural Gazette, xiv, 340.) See Cicada moerens, above. 
Pauropsalta Leurensis sp. nov., the " Black Squeaker " of the Blue Mountains, 
N.S.W. (also found in South Australia), clings to the stems of the small Eucalypts. 
Then we come to Mr. Froggatt's " Australian Insects," which gives us a condensed 
statement of the preceding papers. A useful additional illustration is a portion of a 
stem of Eucalyptus showing its appearance when the Black Cicada (Psaltoda moerens) 
has laid her eggs. 
Every tree (around Ega) was tenanted by Cicadas . . . One species was very handsome, having 
wings adorned with patches of bright green and scarlet. It was very common ; sometimes three or four 
tenanting a single tree, clinging as usual to the branches. On approaching a tree thus peopled, a number 
of little jets of a clear liquid would be seen squirted from aloft. I have often received the well-directed 
discharge full on my face ; but the liquid is harmless, having a sweetish taste, and is ejected by the insect 
from the anus, probably in self-defence, or from fear. (Bates' "Naturalist on the Amazons," Murray's 
Pop. Edn., 1910, p. 274.) 
CERCOPIDJE. 
(Frog-hoppers.) 
Mr. H. Marshall, writing from Angaston, S.A., to Mr. Otto Tepper, mentions 
large flows of manna occurring, when a black Cercopis, with white transparent spots 
on the wings, much covered Eucalyptus stems or branches about Bald Hill, the 
saccharine mass partially encrusting the bark to a 'thickness of half an inch like white 
sugjir. :uid it t'dl occasionally in such quantity as to knock down in places the surrounding 
wheat. ( ' Kuriilyptogniphia," under E. viminalis.) 
The late Mr. T. Stop liens, of Hobart, in a letter to Mueller (loc. cit.) said that 
manna is regarded as a simple exudation from the bark, brought about sometimes by 
the puncturing of Eurymela spectrum. 
