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of Australia as a whole. For this desirable object, of value in so many directions, we 
must seize upon every opportunity of increasing our knowledge, but it is a fact that 
" the harvest truly is great, but the labourers are few." 
(a) Some of the earliest phenological observations are probably those of Gilbert 
White, made at Selborne, Dorset, England, and those made by William Markwick, at 
Catsfield, in Sussex, from the years 1768 to 1793. They form an Appendix to most 
editions of White's Selborne, where they are placed in parallel columns for comparison. 
(b) Inquiry of the Director of the Meteorological Office, London, led Mr. R. G. K. 
Lempfert, Superintendent of Statistics, to refer me to the following list of papers in 
Prof. R. de Courcy Ward's translation (Macmillan) of Hann's " Klimatologie," Vol. 1, 
p. 90. As the work and the translation are so excessively scarce in Australia, I quote 
the bibliography here : 
1. S. Giinther : Die Phanologie, Munster, 1895. A short, concise account of 
researches in this field. 
2. 0. Drude: Handbuch der Pflanzengeographie, Stuttgart, 1890, pp. 17-48; 
and Deutschland's Pflanzengeographie, Part i, Stuttgart, 1896 ; Section v, Die Periodische 
Entwickelung des Pflanzenlebens im Anschluss and das mittel europaische Klima. 
3. A. von Oettingen : Phanologie der Dofpater Lignosen. Ein Beitrag zur 
Kritik phanologischer Beobachtungs und Berechmungsmethoden, Dorpat, 1879. 
4. H. Hoffmann : Phanologische Untersuchungen, Giessen, 1887. 
5. R. Hult : " Recherches sur les phenomenes periodiques des plantes," Nova 
Ada R. Soc. Sc. Upsala, Series iii, 1881. 
6. E. Ihne : " Phanologische Jahreszeiten," Potonie Naturw., Wochenschrift, 
x, No. 4, 1,895; also " Karte der Aufbliihzeit von Syringa vulgaris in Europa," Bot. 
Zentralblatt, 1885, Vol. XXI, 3-5. 
7. H. Hoffmann : " Vergleichende phanologische Karte von Mitteleuropa," 
Peterm. Mitt., XXVII, 1881, 19-26. 
8. M. Stauq : " Phanologische Karte von Ungarn," ibid., XXVIII, 1882, 335-339. 
9. Very instructive phenological charts were published by A. Angot in his paper 
entitled, " Resume des Etudes sur la Marche des Phenonemes de Vegetation et de la 
Migration des Oiseaux pendant les dix Annees, 1881-90," in the Ann. Bur. Centr. met. 
de France, 1892, I. Memoires, Paris, 1894, B. 159-B. 210; also Angot's great work, 
' Etude sur les Vendanges en France," ibid., 1883, 1. Memoires, Paris 1885, B. 29-B. 120, 
which is important in the study of changes in climate as well. The numerous works 
of Fritsch, Linsser, &c., bearing earlier dates, cannot be referred to here. 
10. The Annual Reports on Phenological Observations in the British Isles, by 
E. Mawley, are published in the Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 
for recent years. 
