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1. In Trans. Entomol. Soc. N.S.W., I, 1 (1862), is a pioneer paper, " Observations 
on certain Gall-making Coccidae of Australia," by H. L. Schrader. He founded the 
genus Brachyscelis, and remarked that the greater number of the galls are found on 
Eucalyptus fazmastoma, but that other species, as E. corymbosa, together with Angophora 
lanceolata, are also infested by them. 
Op. cit. p. 6, is a second paper by the same author entitled, " Further 
Communication on the Gall-making Coccidse," in which he divides these Coccidse into 
the genera Brachyscelis, Opisthoscelis , and Ascelis. The first paper is illustrated by 
two plates and the second by a third. 
It may be convenient to deal with what he says about Brachyscelis (now called 
Apiomorpha) in alphabetical order of species names, with supplementary notes by other 
entomologists. Part of what he says about Opisthoscelis will be found at p 291, and 
Ascelis at p 292. 
B. duplex Schrader. Fig. h, Plate II, shows the female gall of this species. Fig. s 
is the male gall (Schrader). See also Froggatt (Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., xvii, 358, 1892). 
The species of Eucalyptus on which it was originally found does not appear to be known. 
Froggatt says, figuring it at Plate XXXV of his work, that it produces the largest gall 
in the world. Following are some records, arranged in alphabetical order, of the 
species on which they are found : 
E. apiculata or E. stricta (leaves only), Hill Top (E. Cheel). E. eugenioides, 
Asquith, near Hornsby (W. F. Blakely). E. hcemastoma, Hornsby (E. F. Swain, W. F. 
Blakely). E. obliqua, Glen Elgin, via Glen Innes (J. Dorrington). E. pilularis, Gosford 
(A. Murphy), E. piperita, Katoomba (E. G. Jarrett). 
B. munita Schrader. Fig. x, Plate II, shows a female gall of this species. The 
author said he found a specimen where the length of the whole gall was 11 inches, and 
the thickest part 8 lines wide. The largest he s aw was on Eucalyptus hamastoma, but 
he found them on other species (Schrader). See also Froggatt (Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., 
xvii, 359, 1892). There are two forms, " evidently variations caused by the stems being 
attacked by only a few coccids or else by a larger number; the large typical form is not 
common about Sydney, and is more on inland species, while the small variety seems 
to be much the commonest in the neighbourhood of Sydney." 
I have seen it on the following Eucalypts : 
E. alba Reinwardt. Mr. Froggatt informs me that the winged galls figured 
by me at fig. 2a, Plate 106 of my " Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus," under 
E. alba, are the female galls of Brachyscelis munita Schrader, and that the dots on the 
leaves (fig. 26) are made by parasitic hymenoptera (Chalcidese). See Part XXV, p. 93. 
E. capitellata, Neutral Bay, Sydney (Dr. J. B. Cleland). E. dumosa, Murray Bridge, 
S.A. (J.H.M.). E. fi-vlicctorum , Wyalong (J. L. Boorman). E. melliodora, Lockhart, 
N.S.W. (W. W. Froggatt). E. oleosa, East Mirrool (W. D. Campbell). The gall is found 
chiefly on Eucalyptus robusta, and is not uncommon about Botany Bay and other 
localities near Sydney. Found also at Newcastle and Wellington (N.S.W.), and near 
Melbourne. E. siderorylon, Wyalong (J. L. Boornwi). 
