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APPENDIX. 
ENEMIES OF TREES. 
Fauna, Sheep, Cattle, Horses, Native Animals, Insects, and Birds. 
THE following notes arc additional to those on the same subject, which will be found 
in Part LVIII, p. 228 :- 
For two articles embodying American experience, see 
1. " Grazing in the Forest Reserves," by Filibert Roth (Year-book, U.S. Department 
of Agriculture, 1901, 333). 
A valuable paper, dealing with both sheep and cattle grazing, and well 
illustrated, including some illustrations showing the harm done by sheep, enumerates 
the Regulations then in force governing grazing in the reserves, and makes suggestions 
for additional ones. 
2. "Forest Grazing," by Gifford Pinchot (Year-book, U.S. Department of 
Agriculture, 1898, 187). 
A page included in a large paper " Notes on some Forest Problems." The 
writer mainly discusses the problem of summer grazing on the high lands of Oregon, 
and we must face our problem of summer grazing on Mount Kosciusko and other 
elevated areas in the interests of our forests. While he points out that such grazing 
can be regulated in some cases, he gives reasons why " many forest regions should be 
entirely protected against sheep." 
Amongst the little Australian literature on the subject, see " On the Decadence 
of Australian Forests," by Albert Norton, Proc. Roy. Soc. Q., iii, 15 (1886). He 
deals with the destruction of trees over large areas, illustrating his remarks chiefly by 
New England (Europambela Run, near Walcha, New South Wales). He discusses 
the alteration of the soil surface owing to over-stocking and trampling, and so reducing 
the available moisture and quality of the soil (bringing the pipe-clay more to the 
surface). The trees were chiefly Peppermint (E. nova-anglica). 
