230 
Willis and Burkill. — Flowers and 
of the world, all tending to support the same general view. 
An excellent review of the whole has recently been published 
by MacLeod (18 in literature list, below). 
At the same time, great variation occurs in the case of any 
single flower between the results obtained in various places. 
The composition of the list of visitors varies much, though 
their type remains comparatively the same ; so also there are 
variations in the floral mechanism itself and in the amount 
of vegetative reproduction, &c. This being so, it becomes of 
interest to study various flowers in many different parts of 
their distribution areas, as we may thus obtain some in- 
formation of value with regard to geographical distribution, 
variation, effect of environment, &c. Loew’s recent work 
( 4 ) contains an abstract and literature list of all the work done 
in this direction upon the European flora since 1883, but 
from the regions studied, our own country is conspicuously 
absent. The present paper (with the second portion to follow) 
is an attempt to fill some small portion of this gap. The 
literature relating to our British flora is small, and chiefly 
contained in out-of-the-way journals (see list). The only 
paper of any importance is that of Scott-Elliot, but the 
observations are fragmentary, and no conclusions are drawn 
from them. One of us (6) has drawn attention to the great 
preponderance of flies over other visitors in certain cases, 
but no general conclusion has been drawn, extending over 
the whole flora. 
Literature. 
I. Bibliographies . 
a. To 1882, in Muller’s Fert. of Firs., Eng. ed. Numbers such 
as 158 a, &c., refer to this. 
b. To 1889. Macleod, Lijst van Boeken. (Bot. Jaarboek, 
Gent, II. 1890.) Referred to thus : 158 b, &c. 
c. To 1894, in Loew, Blutenbiol. Floristik. 
II. Books and papers. 
1. II. Muller : Fertilization of Flowers, English edition. (London, 
1883.) 
