Insects in Great Britain. 
253 
bees (17-0 to 23*1), short-tongued bees (3-3 to 18-0), other 
Hymenoptera (7-1 to io-6) and Coleoptera (5*4 to 8-9) are 
proportionately less numerous. 
Allowing for the season of the year at which the Scotch 
observations were made (late summer, when Lepidoptera and 
Syrphidae are more numerous, short-tongued bees and flies 
less numerous in proportion than earlier in the year), we may 
perhaps conclude that as regards the composition of the 
flower-visiting fauna, there is in Scotland, as compared with 
Low Germany, a great proportionate preponderance of short- 
tongued flies, compensated for by a diminution of the 
Hymenoptera (more especially the short-tongued bees). This 
fact of the greater proportion of flies in Britain is, of course, 
already known to entomologists, but it is still worthy of 
mention here, as it comes out in a different way and gives 
a quantitative result for comparisons. From the great pre- 
ponderance of flies in the country it does not follow that the 
composition of the group of visitors to flowers of high type 
(Classes B, B', H) will necessarily be correspondingly altered ; 
we might rather expect to find a greater proportionate 
number of flowers of low type (Classes Po, A, AB), whilst 
those of higher type would have fewer visitors than in 
Germany, and perhaps have more self-fertilization or vege- 
tative reproduction. This, however, hardly seems to be the 
case. (It will be discussed in full in Part II.) 
3. Observations at Scarborough, 1893-4, 
by I. H. Burkill. 
Though further south, Scarborough, being on the east coast, 
has a rather colder climate than Auchencairn, and as the 
insect observations were made chiefly upon the cliffs, exposed 
to the east winds and not receiving much sun, these facts 
must be borne in mind in comparing the two places. 
COMPOSITAE : 34 . Eupatorium eannabinum L. [Class 
