Insects in Great Bin tain. 
269 
The percentages are much the same as at Auchencairn, 
but the Lepidoptera show a large rise (from 11*3 to 19*8). 
This result is similar, but not so marked, to that found by 
Muller in comparing the Alps with Low Germany ; but no 
stress at all can be laid upon it here, considering (1) the 
very small total of visitors ; (2) the fact that the observations 
were made in late summer ; (3) the great heat of the summer 
of 1893 ; and (4) the general favourableness of the year to 
Lepidoptera. Muller gives no list of visitors to W ahlenbergia , 
Viola , or Erica cinerea. If we subtract these from our list, 
the comparison gives 
Lepidoptera. 
Long-tongued 
Bees. 
Short-tongued 
Bees. 
P. 
O 
G 
<D 
li 
B £ 
v< 
<u 
-a 
O 
5 
23 
Long-tongued 
Flies. 
Short-tongued 
Flies. 
Coleoptera. 
Other insects. 
Total. 
Wales 
Germany . . . 
>7 
18 
38 
62 
21 
48 
27 
II 
2 
5 
3 
2 
95 
206 
This shows a great preponderance in Wales of Lepidoptera 
and short-tongued-flies, a total lack of short-tongued bees 
(note the season of the year, however), and a great deficiency 
in the other short-tongued Hymenoptera. The long-tongued 
bees and the long-tongued flies are as usual about equal. 
Above the cultivation limit, the Plynlimmon district is 
exceedingly desolate. Almost the only flowers in late 
summer on the open mountain sides are Potentilla Tor- 
mentilla and Viola lutea> with occasional small patches of 
the various Ericaceae, and almost the only insects to be seen 
are various Bombi , a few flies, and an occasional butterfly or 
moth. The bulk of our time in the district (3 weeks) was 
spent at high levels, and the weather was fine throughout 
(and had been so since April), but the only visitors observed 
were those given above, 13 in all, on Scabiosa and Calluna. 
These insects are Vanessa urticae (to 1150 feet, not above 
