272 
Willis ciiid Burkill. — Flowers and 
visitors in a total of about 425 are short-tongued flies, a pro- 
portion even greater than in our lists. ’ 
As regards actual number of species of each group, our 
lists are very small as compared with Mullers. E.g. of 
Lepidoptera we have 26 species (against 79), of bees 22 
(against 205), of Syrphidae 35 (against 89), of other flies 75 
(against 164), of Coleoptera 13 (against 129). Of these species 
many occur in all four districts studied, others in only one or 
two. We have made up an index of insects, from the tables 
given here, which we shall be happy to lend to any one 
interested in the distribution of insects in Britain. Our 
observations are not nearly sufficient to enable us to draw 
any conclusions upon this subject. 
Neither is it possible from these few data to make any 
comparison in detail with other European countries ; a refer- 
ence to the literature will show what has been done in this 
direction (see especially 4 and 18 ). It may be noted, however, 
that the composition of the flower-visiting insect fauna in 
Schleswig-Holstein (Knuth) and in Flanders (Macleod) is far 
more like that of Low Germany than like our own as here 
presented. The nearest resemblance is found in Norway 
(Lindman) [and also in New Zealand, it may be observed 
(Thomson, 720 a)]. The figures, &c., given in this paper 
afford, however, a rough test of the composition of the flower- 
visiting insect fauna of the lowland districts, which will serve 
as data for further work in this direction and for comparison 
with observations at alpine levels. In the second portion of 
this paper we hope to discuss the plants of the Grampians 
and their biological characters, with especial reference to those 
more strictly alpine or arctic species which are cut off by 
large areas of lowland from all other plants, of the same 
species. We hope also to give a more general discussion 
of the British flora as a whole, and a comparison of its 
general biological characters with those of the continental flora. 
