4io Dixon and Joly . — The Path of 
as elsewhere, but still strongly coloured. The paraffin finally 
attained a height of 12 cm. in one or two vessels. In no 
case was there any visible appearance of shrinkage of the 
paraffin from the wall, although in some sections, as might be 
expected, the action of the razor was to compress it from the 
cell-wall upon the one side over the section. 
Similar experiments were made on Elm and Lime, with 
the added precaution of removing the paraffin or gelatine at the 
ends without cutting or removing any of the wood. This was 
effected by careful use of the razor, the object being to avoid 
as far as possible laying open the lumina of conduits whose 
terminal walls might lie upon the surface of the section. In 
the case of Elm and Lime again, sections taken about half 
a millimetre from the end showed areas over which the filling 
with paraffin was complete, and yet also deep staining of the 
intervening walls. Longitudinal sections near the end con- 
firm this appearance ; the lumina seemed quite filled. In 
these cases the removal of the branches from the hot paraffin 
was effected gradually, to secure as far as possible that 
solidification and shrinkage should proceed slowly from 
above downwards, and thus guard against shrinkage leading 
to the withdrawal of the paraffin out of contact with the wall. 
Again, the branches of Lime treated for comparison with 
gelatine revealed areas in the cross sections completely in- 
jected with gelatine and yet having the walls deeply stained. 
Thus we see that both in those experiments in which the 
lumina were choked with paraffin and with gelatine there was 
at least a feeble upward motion of the solution of saffranine 
in the walls. Lime-branches treated with paraffin, in some 
places close to the cut surface, showed the penetration of this 
into the protoplasm-filled cells, permeating their contents. 
High up, only the larger vessels were filled with paraffin. 
The result of these experiments may be summed up as 
follows : — 
The stoppage of the lumina and the freedom of the cell- 
wall is preserved both by the use of gelatine and paraffin. 
The flagging of the leaves appears to be the more rapid 
