Note . 
5 2 9 
consisting of an axis, Of obscure structure, bearing numerous ap- 
pendages which exactly resemble the well-known cortical outgrowths 
of the stem and petiole of Lyginodendron. At first sight, the specimen 
bears some resemblance to a cone, but it was more probably a bud or 
young leaf, from which the inner delicate tissues have perished, leaving 
the protective outer coat, bearing the appendages, which may represent 
the bases of paleae. 
C. The Root . 
1. Connexion betiveen Root and Stem.— -We have already briefly 
recorded our discovery that { Kaloxylon Hookeri 1 is the root of 
Lyginodendron \ We have found that certain appendages of the 
stem of Lyginodendron , most of which were formerly described as 
‘ branches/ are in reality of endogenous origin, as is shown by the 
fact that the appendage, in passing through the cortex of the parent 
stem, is surrounded by a well-defined cortex of its own. These 
appendages are further shown to be roots, by the structure of their 
central cylinder and their mode of branching. Sections of the free 
part of the same organs, which are in connexion with stems of 
Lyginodendron , show that they agree in all respects with 1 Kaloxylon 
Hookeri / namely, in the structure and arrangement of both primary 
and secondary wood, and in the details of the cortex, which is well 
characterized by its double or treble external or epidermal layer. 
We find then that the stem of Lyginodendron bore numerous 
adventitious roots, of endogenous origin, and that these roots are 
identical with the fossils previously described under the name of 
* Kaloxylon Hookeri / 
2. Primary Structure of the Root. — All the specimens of c Kaloxylon 
Hookeri * have been re-examined, and are found to present a perfectly 
typical root-structure. The stele varies from triarch to octarch 
structure in different specimens. The protoxylem is external, showing 
centripetal development of the primary wood. In favourable speci- 
mens the regular alternation of the phloem-groups with those of 
xylem is quite clear. The stele has no pith, but there is a con- 
siderable amount of conjunctive parenchyma. Both pericycle and 
endodermis are present. The inner cortex contains abundant 
* secretory sacs/ 
1 Roy. Soc. Proc., Vol. lvi. 1894. 
O03 
